Focusing on early social media in the arts and humanities and on the core role of creative computer scientists, artists, and scholars in shaping the pre-Web social media landscape, Social Media Archeology and Poetics documents social media lineage, beginning in the 1970s with collaborative ARPANET research, Community Memory, PLATO, Minitel, and ARTEX and continuing into the 1980s and beyond with the Electronic Café, Art Com Electronic Network, Arts Wire, The THING, and many more. With first person accounts from pioneers in the field, as well as papers by artists, scholars, and curators, Social Media Archeology and Poetics documents how these platforms were vital components of early social networking and important in the development of new media and electronic literature. It describes platforms that allowed artists and musicians to share and publish their work, community networking diversity, and the creation of footholds for the arts and humanities online. It invites comparisons of social media in the past and present, asking: What can we learn from early social media that will inspire us to envision a greater cultural presence on contemporary social media? Contributors: Madeline Gonzalez Allen, James Blustein, Hank Bull, AnnickBureaud, J. R. Carpenter, Paul E. Ceruzzi, Anna Couey, Amanda McDonald Crowley, Steve Dietz, Judith Donath, Steven Durland, Lee Felsenstein, Susanne Gerber, Ann-Barbara Graff, Dene Grigar, Stacy Horn, Antoinette LaFarge, Deena Larsen, Gary O. Larson, Alan Liu, Geert Lovink, Richard Lowenberg, Judy Malloy, Scott McPhee, Julianne Nyhan, Howard Rheingold, Randy Ross, Wolfgang Staehle, Fred Truck, Rob Wittig, David R. Woolley

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Leonardo Book Series : Social Media Archeology and Poetics

Malloy, Judy(Author)

AAAI Press

Leonardo book series, Cambridge Massachusettes ; London England [Piscataqay New Jersey, 2016

Leonardo (Series) (Cambridge, Mass.), Cambridge, MA, 2016

Leonardo, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2017

United States, United States of America

MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2016

Illustrated, 2016

1, PS, 2016

lg2659363

producers:
Adobe PDF Library 9.0

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Contents 9
Series Foreword 13
Acknowledgments 15
Notes 18
I Introductions 19
1 The Origins of Social Media 21
A World Wide Simultaneous Dance 22
What Have We Carried Forth from Historic Social Media Platforms? What Have We Lost in the Process? 24
“Get Lamp” 25
Creative Collaboration in the Formative Years of the Internet: The Request for Comment Sets the Stage 25
Games and Mailing Lists in the Early Days of Connectivity 26
The First Use of Network Email Announces Its Own Existence 30
Community Memory and PLATO Open the Door to Public Cyberspace 32
How Mail Art Paralleled Widening Circles of Communication 33
The Internet Is Gestated in a “Bread Truck” at a Historic Tavern 34
“Within the terrific ‘electronic space’” —Carl Loeffler 35
Early BBS Systems Connect Diverse Communities 38
CSNET Connects Researchers; Usenet and Listservs Connect Many 42
Creative Social Interaction on Early Cultural Conferencing Systems 44
THE THING and Arts Wire 48
“A design at a level that lets lots of things happen underneath, and they have” —Bob Kahn 50
From Opening the Door to Cyberspace to Social Media Poetics 51
How This Book Proceeds: Introductions 51
“Opening the Door to Cyberspace” 52
Into the Present; Into the Future 56
Responses 57
Passing the Baton 58
Notes 58
Bibliography 67
2 The Personal Computer and Social Media 69
Notes 77
3 Daily Life in Cyberspace: How the Computerized Counterculture Built a New Kind of Place 79
Populations 88
Persons 90
Gift Economies and Social Contracts in Cyberspace 95
II “Opening the Door to Cyberspace” 105
4 Community Memory: The First Public-Access Social Media System 107
August 8, 1973 108
History 110
Initial Results 113
Theory and Background 115
Practice 117
Looking Forward 118
Epilogue 118
Notes 119
Bibliography 119
5 PLATO: The Emergence of Online Community 121
PLATO Notes: Original Development 121
The PLATO Architecture 123
Talkomatic and “Term-Talk” 123
Personal Notes 125
Notes Categories 126
Access Lists 128
Reading by Date 129
Deleting Notes 129
Anonymity 130
Director Messages 130
“Term-Comments” 131
Linked Notes 131
Linear versus Tree Structured Discussions 131
Multiplayer Games 132
The Online Community 132
Usage Statistics 133
The PLATO Diaspora 134
Lotus Notes and Other PLATO Progeny 134
Acknowledgments 136
Note 136
6 alt.hypertext: An Early Social Medium 137
Appendix: Two Examples of Posts on alt.hypertext 140
Notes 143
7 DictatiOn: A Canadian Perspective on the History of Telematic Art 145
Global Consciousness and Communication 145
Significant Events in the Early Development of Network Art 147
The Experience of Mediated Engagement 150
Independent Media and the Interpersonal Communication Network 153
Notes 155
8 Art and Minitel in France in the 1980s 157
Minitel: A Centralized, Hierarchical, Proprietary System—Socioeconomic, Technological, and Cultural Contexts 157
Art of Communication: The Message Is the Medium 158
Participatory and Collaborative Art 159
Textimage, Interactivity, Nonlinearity, and E-literature 161
ART ACCES Revue (1984–1986): An Online Art Journal and Gallery 161
Minitel: An In-between Space 162
Notes 163
9 Rescension and Precedential Media 165
Beyond Interface 166
Practice as Practice 166
Pre-Commodification Culture 167
Art Entertainment Network 168
ICS—It’s the Context Stupid 168
Mutant Bridges 171
IRL—In Real Life 171
Telematic Connections 172
Attention Economy 172
Where Is the Love? 173
Open_Source_Art_Hack 174
Translocations 175
Architecture for Temporary Autonomous Sarai 175
Nodal Networks 176
Precedence, Recension and Ubiquity 176
Notes 176
III “See you online!” 179
10 Defining the Image as Place: A Conversation with Kit Galloway, Sherrie Rabinowitz, and Gene Youngblood 181
A Selective Resume of Mobile Image (Galloway/Rabinowitz) 194
Notes 195
11 IN.S.OMNIA, 1983–1993 197
The Materiality of Writing 197
The Song of the Modem 198
Pseudonymity, Identity, and Virtual Community 200
Born-digital Literary Styles and Genres 200
Real-Time Interdacts 202
Collaboration and Crowdsourced Creativity 203
Early Crowdsourcing: Invisible Seattle: The Novel of Seattle, by Seattle 204
Notes 206
12 Art Com Electronic Network: A Conversation with Fred Truck and Anna Couey 209
Notes 235
13 System X: Interview with Founding Sysop Scot McPhee 237
Notes 241
IV Networking the Humanities 243
14 In Search of Identities in the Digital Humanities: The Early History of Humanist 245
Humanist: An Overview 246
An Overview of Humanist Posts 249
Terms Related to Disciplinary Identity 250
Conclusion 252
Notes 256
Bibliography 258
15 Echo 261
Note 267
16 MOOs and Participatory Media 269
Situating Ourselves Then 269
A Social Defense 271
Defending the Social 273
Demise of MOOs, Birth of Public Spaces 276
Notes 277
17 Hacking the Voice of the Shuttle: The Growth and Death of a Boundary Object 279
Hacking VoS, 1994 280
Hacking VoS, 2004–2005 (“Bad Hack”) 283
Acknowledgment 286
Notes 286
V Community Networking 291
18 Community Networking: The Native American Telecommunications Continuum 293
19 The Art of Tele-Community Development: The Telluride InfoZone 295
Background 297
The InfoZone Program: Telluride Institute Programs Support 299
Regional Network Systems and Services 299
Special Projects, Support, and Outreach 301
Extended Community Networking 303
Recognition and Awards 305
A Personal Note 305
Organizational Details 306
Notes 306
20 Community Networking, an Evolution 309
Notes 314
21 Cultures in Cyberspace: Communications System Design as Social Sculpture 315
Concepts 315
Structure 317
Communication 318
Weaving Across Time 321
Notes 323
VI Social Media Poetics 325
22 Crossing-Over of Art History and Media History in the Times of the Early Internet—with Special Regard to THE THING NYC 327
The Founding of THE THING NYC: Theory and Practice 327
Interview with Wolfgang Staehle /Susanne Gerber, September 2014 331
THE THING NYC Exhibited a Playful Approach and Exemplified Far Ahead of Its Time What Is Capable of a Networked Communication 333
Appendix: THE THING—Timeline and History 334
Notes 350
23 Arts Wire: The Nonprofit Arts Online 351
Arts Wire Goes Online in 1992 352
The Arts Wire Conferencing System 354
Technology Transfer for the Arts 358
Moving to the World Wide Web 359
More Extraordinary Arts Wire Staff 364
Notes 366
24 Electronic Literature Organization Chats on LinguaMOO 371
A Home of Our Own with the Electronic Literature Organization 371
An Algonquin Hotel in Text and Screen 372
The Not-So Guilty Parties: Who Wasn’t Who 373
What We Touched On 374
E-delivery versus E-literature versus Hypertext: What Are We Writing? 374
Intrepid, Daring Readers: Who Were We Writing For? 375
Software and Hardware and Bugs, Oh My: Why Did We Feel Compelled to Write? 376
Archiving: Could We Retrieve What Was Already Lost? Or Save Anything? 377
Prognostication: Where Will We Be in 2015? 377
Afterwards 378
Notes 378
25 trAce Online Writing Centre, Nottingham Trent University, UK 381
Online Community 381
Collaboration 383
Publication Venues 384
Prehistory 385
Formation 386
Funding 388
Notes 391
Bibliography 393
26 Pseudo Space: Experiments with Avatarism and Telematic Performance in Social Media 395
Notes 402
VII Responses 405
A Conversation and Two Epilogues 407
Notes 409
27 Expanding on “What Is the Social in Social Media?”: A Conversation with Geert Lovink 411
Three Questions and Nine Data Objects Judy Malloy (JM): 412
Notes 416
28 Epilogue: Slow Machines and Utopian Dreams 417
Multiple Nostalgias 418
The Power of the Primitive 420
The View from the Present 423
Weaving Ideals into Culture 425
Notes 426
29 From Archaeology to Architecture: Building a Place for Noncommercial Culture Online 429
From ARPANET to AOL 430
The Information Superhighway 433
The World’s Biggest Popularity Contest 438
“How Do We Get from Here to There?” 442
Notes 447
About the Authors 453
Index 463

Focusing On Early Social Media In The Arts And Humanities And On The Core Role Of Creative Computer Scientists, Artists, And Scholars In Shaping The Pre-web Social Media Landscape, Social Media Archeology And Poetics Documents Social Media Lineage, Beginning In The 1970s With Collaborative Arpanet Research, Community Memory, Plato, Minitel, And Artex And Continuing Into The 1980s And Beyond With The Electronic Café, Art Com Electronic Network, Arts Wire, The Thing, And Many More. With First Person Accounts From Pioneers In The Field, As Well As Papers By Artists, Scholars, And Curators, Social Media Archeology And Poetics Documents How These Platforms Were Vital Components Of Early Social Networking And Important In The Development Of New Media And Electronic Literature. It Describes Platforms That Allowed Artists And Musicians To Share And Publish Their Work, Community Networking Diversity, And The Creation Of Footholds For The Arts And Humanities Online. And It Invites Comparisons Of Social Media In The Past And Present, Asking: What Can We Learn From Early Social Media That Will Inspire Us To Envision A Greater Cultural Presence On Contemporary Social Media? -- Provided By Publisher. Series Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Introductions -- The Origins Of Social Media / Judy Malloy -- The Personal Computer And Social Media / Paul Ceruzzi -- Daily Life In Cyberspace / Howard Rheingold -- Opening The Door To Cyberspace -- Community Memory : The First Public-access Social Media System / Lee Felsenstein -- Plato : The Emergence Of Online Community / David R. Wooley -- Alt.hypertext : An Early Social Medium / James Blustein And Ann-barbara Graff -- Dictation : A Canadian Perspective On The History Of Telematic Art / Hank Bull -- Art And Minitel In France In The '80s / Annick Bureaud -- Rescending Precedential Media / Steve Dietz -- See You Online! -- Defining The Image As Place : A Conversation With Kit Galloway, Sherrie Rabinowitz And Gene Youngblood / Steve Durland -- In. S. Omnia, 1983-1993 / Rob Wittig -- Art Com Electronic Network On The Well : A Conversation With Fred Truck And Anna Couey / Judy Malloy --^ System X : Interview With Founding Sysop Scot Mcphee / Amanda Mcdonald Crowley -- Networking The Humanities -- In Search Of Identities In The Digital Humanities : The Early History Of Humanist / Julianne Nyhan -- Echonyc / Stacy Horn -- Moos And Participatory Media / Dene Grigar -- Hacking The Voice Of The Shuttle : The Growth And Death Of A Bounday Object / Alan Liu -- Community Networking -- Community Networking : The Native American Telecommunications Continuum / Randy Ross (ponca Tribe Of Nebraska And Otoe Missouria) -- The Art Of Tele-community Development : The Telluride Infozone / Richard Lowenberg -- Community Networking, An Evolution / Madeline Gonzalez Allen -- Cultures In Cyberspace : Communications System Design As Social Sculpture / Anna Couey -- Social Media Poetics -- Crossing-over Of Art History And Media History In The Times Of The Early Internet With Special Regards To The Thing Nyc / Susanne Gerber -- Arts Wire : The Non-profit Arts Online / Judy Malloy --^ Electronic Literature Organization Chats On Linguamoo / Deena Larsen -- Trace Online Writing Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Uk / J.r. Carpenter -- Psuedo Space : Experiments With Avatarism And Telematic Performance In Social Media / Antoinette Lafarge -- Responses -- Section Introduction -- Expanding On What Is The Social In Social Media? : A Conversation With Geert Lovink / Judy Malloy -- Epilogue: Slow Machines And Utopian Dreams / Judith Donath -- From Archaeology To Architecture : Building A Place For Noncommercial Culture Online / Gary O. Larson -- Contributors -- Index. Edited By Judy Malloy. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.

First person accounts by pioneers in the field, classic essays, and new scholarship document the collaborative and creative practices of early social media.Focusing on early social media in the arts and humanities and on the core role of creative computer scientists, artists, and scholars in shaping the pre-Web social media landscape, Social Media Archeology and Poetics documents social media lineage, beginning in the 1970s with collaborative ARPANET research, Community Memory, PLATO, Minitel, and ARTEX and continuing into the 1980s and beyond with the Electronic Café, Art Com Electronic Network, Arts Wire, The THING, and many more.With first person accounts from pioneers in the field, as well as papers by artists, scholars, and curators, Social Media Archeology and Poetics documents how these platforms were vital components of early social networking and important in the development of new media and electronic literature. It describes platforms that allowed artists and musicians to share and publish their work, community networking diversity, and the creation of footholds for the arts and humanities online. Anditinvites comparisons of social media in the past and present, asking: What can we learn from early social media that will inspire us to envision a greater cultural presence on contemporary social media?ContributorsMadeline Gonzalez Allen, James Blustein, Hank Bull, Annick Bureaud, J. R. Carpenter, Paul E. Ceruzzi, Anna Couey, Amanda McDonald Crowley, Steve Dietz, Judith Donath, Steven Durland, Lee Felsenstein, Susanne Gerber, Ann-Barbara Graff, Dene Grigar, Stacy Horn, Antoinette LaFarge, Deena Larsen, Gary O. Larson, Alan Liu, Geert Lovink, Richard Lowenberg, Judy Malloy, Scott McPhee, Julianne Nyhan, Howard Rheingold, Randy Ross, Wolfgang Staehle, Fred Truck, Rob Wittig, David R. Woolley

First person accounts by pioneers in the field, classic essays, and new scholarship document the collaborative and creative practices of early social media. Focusing on early social media in the arts and humanities and on the core role of creative computer scientists, artists, and scholars in shaping the pre-Web social media landscape, Social Media Archeology and Poetics documents social media lineage, beginning in the 1970s with collaborative ARPANET research, Community Memory,PLATO, Minitel, and ARTEX and continuing into the 1980s and beyond with the Electronic Caf, Art Com Electronic Network, Arts Wire, The THING, and many more. With first person accounts from pioneers in the field, as well as papers by artists, scholars, and curators, Social Media Archeology and Poetics documents how these platforms were vital components of early social networking and important in the development of new media and electronic literature. It describes platforms that allowed artists and musicians to share and publish their work, community networking diversity, and the creation of footholds for the arts and humanities online. And it invites comparisons of social media in the past and present, What can we learn from early social media that will inspire us to envision a greater cultural presence on contemporary social media? Contributors
Madeline Gonzalez Allen, James Blustein, Hank Bull, Annick Bureaud, J. R. Carpenter, Paul E. Ceruzzi, Anna Couey, Amanda McDonald Crowley, Steve Dietz, Judith Donath, Steven Durland, Lee Felsenstein, Susanne Gerber, Ann-Barbara Graff, Dene Grigar, Stacy Horn, Antoinette LaFarge, Deena Larsen, Gary O. Larson, Alan Liu, Geert Lovink, Richard Lowenberg, Judy Malloy, Scott McPhee, Julianne Nyhan, Howard Rheingold, Randy Ross, Wolfgang Staehle, Fred Truck, Rob Wittig, David R. Woolley

Focusing on early social media in the arts and humanities and on the core role of creative computer scientists, artists, and scholars in shaping the pre-Web social media landscape, Social Media Archeology and Poetics documents social media lineage, beginning in the 1970s with collaborative ARPANET research, Community Memory, PLATO, Minitel, and ARTEX and continuing into the 1980s and beyond with the Electronic Caf, ̌ Art Com Electronic Network, Arts Wire, The THING, and many more. With first person accounts from pioneers in the field, as well as papers by artists, scholars, and curators, Social Media Archeology and Poetics documents how these platforms were vital components of early social networking and important in the development of new media and electronic literature. It describes platforms that allowed artists and musicians to share and publish their work, community networking diversity, and the creation of footholds for the arts and humanities online. And it invites comparisons of social media in the past and present, asking: What can we learn from early social media that will inspire us to envision a greater cultural presence on contemporary social media?ContributorsMadeline Gonzalez Allen, James Blustein, Hank Bull, Annick Bureaud, J.R. Carpenter, Paul E. Ceruzzi, Anna Couey, Amanda McDonald Crowley, Steve Dietz, Judith Donath, Steven Durland, Lee Felsenstein, Susanne Gerber, Ann-Barbara Graff, Dene Grigar, Stacy Horn, Antoinette LaFarge, Deena Larsen, Gary O. Larson, Alan Liu, Geert Lovink, Richard Lowenberg, Judy Malloy, Scott McPhee, Julianne Nyhan, Howard Rheingold, Randy Ross, Wolfgang Staehle, Fred Truck, Rob Wittig, David R. Woolley

Focusing on early social media in the arts and humanities and on the core role of creative computer scientists, artists, and scholars in shaping the pre-Web social media landscape, Social Media Archeology and Poetics documents social media lineage, beginning in the 1970s with collaborative ARPANET research, Community Memory, PLATO, Minitel, and ARTEX and continuing into the 1980s and beyond with the Electronic Caf,̌ Art Com Electronic Network, Arts Wire, The THING, and many more.With first person accounts from pioneers in the field, as well as papers by artists, scholars, and curators, Social Media Archeology and Poetics documents how these platforms were vital components of early social networking and important in the development of new media and electronic literature. It describes platforms that allowed artists and musicians to share and publish their work, community networking diversity, and the creation of footholds for the arts and humanities online. And it invites comparisons of social media in the past and present, asking: What can we learn from early social media that will inspire us to envision a greater cultural presence on contemporary social media?ContributorsMadeline Gonzalez Allen, James Blustein, Hank Bull, Annick Bureaud, J. R. Carpenter, Paul E. Ceruzzi, Anna Couey, Amanda McDonald Crowley, Steve Dietz, Judith Donath, Steven Durland, Lee Felsenstein, Susanne Gerber, Ann-Barbara Graff, Dene Grigar, Stacy Horn, Antoinette LaFarge, Deena Larsen, Gary O. Larson, Alan Liu, Geert Lovink, Richard Lowenberg, Judy Malloy, Scott McPhee, Julianne Nyhan, Howard Rheingold, Randy Ross, Wolfgang Staehle, Fred Truck, Rob Wittig, David R. Woolley

2020-07-26