The growing interest in scaffolding design and increasing research programs dedicated to regenerative medicine corroborate the need for Scaffolding in Tissue Engineering. While certain books and journal articles address various aspects in the field, this is the first current, comprehensive text focusing on scaffolding for tissue engineering. Scaffolding in Tissue Engineering reviews the general principles of tissue engineering and concentrates on the principles, methods, and applications for a broad range of tissue engineering scaffolds. The first section presents an in-depth exploratio

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zlib/no-category/Peter X. Ma; Jennifer Elisseeff/Scaffolding in Tissue Engineering_25570922.pdf

Spatial Variation of Seismic Ground Motions Modeling and Engineering Applications

Ipek Goktepe

Technomic Publishing Co., Inc.

Taylor & Francis Group

CRC Press (Unlimited), Boca Raton, 2006

United States, United States of America

BIOSCIENCEnetBASE, Boca Raton, 2006

Hoboken, 2005

1, 20050819

SoftArchive

{"isbns":["1420027565","9781420027563"],"last_page":656,"publisher":"CRC Press"}

Front cover
Preface
Contributors
Table of Contents
Biologically Active Scaffolds Based on Collagen–GAG Copolymers
I. INTRODUCTION
II. PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROCESSES LEADING TO SYNTHESIS OF ECM ANALOGS
III. SYNTHESIS OF TISSUES AND ORGANS USING SCAFFOLDS
IV. STRUCTURAL BASIS OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
V. SCAFFOLDS AS SOLID-STATE ENZYMES
REFERENCES
Alginate for Tissue Engineering
I. INTRODUCTION
II. SOURCES, STRUCTURES, AND PROPERTIES
III. VARIOUS BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
IV. TISSUE ENGINEERING SCAFFOLDS
V. CONTROLLED GELATION AND UNIFORM TISSUE ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTS
VI. CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Polysaccharide Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering
I. INTRODUCTION
II. CHITOSAN
III. ALGINATE
IV. GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS (GAGs)
V. DEXTRAN
VI. ARABINOGALACTAN
VII. SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Role of Gelatin in the Release Carrier of Growth Factor for Tissue Engineering
I. WHAT IS TISSUE ENGINEERING?
II. TISSUE ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY TO INDUCE TISSUE REGENERATION
III. CONTROLLED RELEASE OF GROWTH FACTOR FROM BIODEGRADABLE HYDROGEL
IV. TISSUE REGENERATION BY GELATIN HYDROGELS INCORPORATING GROWTH FACTOR
V. CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
Fibrillar Fibrin Gels
I. INTRODUCTION
II. STRUCTURE, BIOCHEMISTRY, AND RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF FIBRIN
III. INTERACTION OF CELLS WITH FIBRIN
IV. CHALLENGES USING FIBRIN
V. TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
VI. SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Photopolymerization of Hydrogel Scaffolds
I. INTRODUCTION
II. PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION MECHANISMS
III. MULTIFUNCTIONAL MACROMERS
IV. HYDROGEL PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERIZATION
V. CELL ENCAPSULATION
VI. APPLICATIONS
REFERENCES
FURTHER READING
Poly(ortho Esters)
I. INTRODUCTION
II. SYNTHESIS
III. HYDROLYSIS
IV. CONTROL OF MECHANICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES
V. BLOCK COPOLYMERS
REFERENCES
Salt Leaching for Polymer Scaffolds: Laboratory-Scale Manufacture of Cell Carriers
I. INTRODUCTION
II. DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOLVENT-CASTING AND PARTICULATE-LEACHING PROCEDURE
III. SCAFFOLD MANUFACTURING
IV. IMPROVEMENTS IN SCAFFOLD PREPARATION AND PROCESSING
V. DIRECTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
VI. CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Polymer Phase Separation
I. INTRODUCTION
II. SOLID–LIQUID PHASE SEPARATION
III. LIQUID–LIQUID PHASE SEPARATION
IV. CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Solid Freeform Fabrication of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds
I. INTRODUCTION
II. SCAFFOLDS BY SFF
III. CONCLUDING REMARKS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Gas Foaming to Fabricate Polymer Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering
I. INTRODUCTION
II. PLGA AS A TISSUE ENGINEERING MATERIAL
III. THE GAS FOAMING PROCESS
IV. PROTEIN DELIVERY FROM GAS-FOAMED PLGA SCAFFOLDS
V. GENE DELIVERY FROM GAS-FOAMED PLGA SCAFFOLDS
VI. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
Injectable Systems for Cartilage Tissue Engineering
I. INTRODUCTION
II. CLINICAL NEED FOR INJECTABLE TISSUE ENGINEERING SYSTEMS
III. TISSUE ENGINEERING STRATEGIES
IV. THE DRIVE FOR INJECTABLE SYSTEMS
V. IN SITU POLYMERIZATION
VI. THERMORESPONSIVE HYDROGELS
VII. IONIC GELS
VIII. FIBRIN GLUE
IX. COLLAGEN
X. POLYESTERS
XI. POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL)
XII. PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION
XIII. TOXICITY STUDY OF PHOTOINITIATORS
XIV. CARTILAGE TISSUE ENGINEERING WITH PHOTOPOLYMERIZING HYDROGELS
XV. CHONDROGENESIS OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN A PHOTOPOLYMERIZING HYDROGEL
XVI. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Immunoisolation Techniques
I. INTRODUCTION
II. THEORY AND CAPSULE FORMAT
III. CELL SOURCING
IV. HOST IMMUNE RESPONSES TO ENCAPSULATED CELLS
V. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
APPENDIX 1. IMMUNOISOLATION
Self-Assembled Monolayers in Mammalian Cell Cultures
I. INTRODUCTION
II. PREPARATIONS OF SAMs AND TYPES OF SAMs
III. CHARACTERIZATION OF SAMs
IV. INTRODUCTION OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS TO THE SURFACES OF SAMs
V. CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS THAT MODIFY THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE SAM AND THE SUBSTRATE
VI. INTERACTIONS OF PROTEINS WITH SAMs
VII. CONTROLLING ADSORPTION OF PROTEINS AND PATTERNING OF CELLS; APPLICATION OF SAMs IN CELL BIOLOGY
VIII. THE BRIDGE TO TISSUE ENGINEERING
IX. OTHER APPLICATIONS OF SAMs IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
X. CONCLUSIONS AND SUMMARY
REFERENCES
PuraMatrix: Self-Assembling Peptide Nanofiber Scaffolds
I. INTRODUCTION
II. SELF-ASSEMBLING PEPTIDES
III. PEPTIDE NANOFIBER SCAFFOLDS
IV. PURAMATRIX IN VITRO CELL CULTURE EXAMPLES
V. STANDARD IN VITRO TOXICOLOGY AND BIOCOMPATIBILITY STUDIES
VI. IN VIVO BIOCOMPATIBILITY AND TOXICOLOGY STUDIES
VII. FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Polymer/Ceramic Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
I. INTRODUCTION
II. POLYMER/HYDROXYAPATITE COMPOSITE SCAFFOLDS
III. POLYMER/HYDROXYAPATITE NANO COMPOSITE SCAFFOLD
IV. POLYMER/APATITE COMPOSITE SCAFFOLD BY BIOMIMETIC PROCESS
V. CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Polymer/Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
I. INTRODUCTION
II. BONE GRAFTS AND BONE GRAFT SUBSTITUTES
III. TISSUE ENGINEERING
IV. POLYMER/CALCIUM PHOSPHATE SCAFFOLDS
V. POLYMER/CERAMIC COMPOSITES IN THE MARKETPLACE
VI. CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Hydroxyapatite/Collagen Scaffolds
I. INTRODUCTION
II. HA/COLLAGEN COMPOSITE AS BONE SUBSTITUTE
III. BIOMIMETIC HA/COLLAGEN SCAFFOLD
IV. CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES
REFERENCES
Bioactive Hydrogels: Mimicking the ECM with Synthetic Materials
I. THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX — A PROTOTYPICAL BIOACTIVE HYDROGEL
II. MODIFICATION OF HYDROGEL MATERIALS WITH CELL ADHESION LIGANDS
III. GROWTH FACTOR IMMOBILIZATION
IV. PROTEOLYTICALLY DEGRADABLE HYDROGELS
V. CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Albumin Modification
I. INTRODUCTION
II. ALBUMIN MODIFICATIONS WITH HEPARIN FOR SURFACE COATINGS
III. ALBUMIN-CROSS-LINKED GELS A. PEG HYDROGELS CROSS-LINKED
IV. ALBUMIN MODIFICATIONS FOR NANO/MICROSPHERES
V. ALBUMIN MODIFICATIONS FOR CARRIER SYSTEMS
VI. FABRICATION OF ALBUMIN WAFERS USING A COAXIAL ULTRASONIC ATOMIZER
VII. SUMMARY
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Modified Alginates for Tissue Engineering
I. INTRODUCTION
II. ALGINATE MODIFICATION
III. APPLICATION OF MODIFIED ALGINATES IN TISSUE ENGINEERING A. REGULATION
IV. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
REFERENCES
Polymeric Scaffolds for Gene Delivery and Regenerative Medicine
I. TISSUE ENGINEERING
II. GENE DELIVERY
III. MATERIALS FOR GENE DELIVERY AND SCAFFOLDS IN TISSUE ENGINEERING
IV. DESIGN CRITERIA FOR POLYMER SCAFFOLDS IN TISSUE ENGINEERING
V. GENE DELIVERY FROM SCAFFOLDS
VI. FABRICATION METHODS
VII. CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Degradation of Biodegradable Aliphatic Polyesters
I. INTRODUCTION
II. DEGRADATION MECHANISM
III. DEGRADATION CHARACTERISTICS
IV. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Biomaterials for Genitourinary Tissue Engineering
I. INTRODUCTION
II. IMPORTANCE OF BIOMATERIALS
III. DESIGN AND SELECTION OF BIOMATERIALS
IV. CLASSIFICATION OF BIOMATERIALS
V. BIOMATERIALS UTILIZED TO ENGINEER GENITOURINARY TISSUES A. KIDNEYS
VI. FUTURE DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
Engineered Blood Vessel Substitutes
I. INTRODUCTION
II. BLOOD VESSEL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
III. ENDOTHELIALIZATION STRATEGIES
IV. SCAFFOLDING STRATEGIES
V. BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO SCAFFOLD
VI. SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Tissue Engineering of Tendons and Ligaments
I. INTRODUCTION
II. TENDON AND LIGAMENT ANATOMY, COMPOSITION, AND FUNCTION
III. HEALING PROCESSES
IV. TENDON AND LIGAMENT TISSUE ENGINEERING: BASIC CONSIDERATIONS
V. IN VITRO TISSUE ENGINEERING INVESTIGATIONS EMPLOYING BIOMATERIAL SCAFFOLDS
VI. ANIMAL STUDIES IMPLEMENTING TISSUE ENGINEERING SCAFFOLDS A. ANIMAL MODELS: ENTUBULATION
VII. EFFECTS OF GROWTH FACTORS
VIII. USE OF GENE THERAPY FOR TENDON/LIGAMENT TISSUE ENGINEERING
IX. EFFECT OF EXTERNAL FACTORS ON TENDON REGENERATION
X. USE OF BIOREACTORS FOR TENDON/LIGAMENT TISSUE ENGINEERING
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Tissue Engineering of the Cornea
I. INTRODUCTION
II. THE NEED FOR TE CORNEAS
III. REPLACEMENTS FOR HUMAN CORNEAS
IV. SYNTHETIC SCAFFOLDS AND KERATOPROSTHESES
V. CELL-BASED CORNEAL MODEL STRUCTURES
VI. BIOSYNTHETIC MATRIX REPLACEMENTS AS SCAFFOLDS
VII. TISSUE ENGINEERING OF THE CORNEA: ARE WE THERE YET?
REFERENCES
Materials Employed for Breast Augmentation and Reconstruction
I. INTRODUCTION
II. ANATOMY OF THE BREAST
III. CLINICAL IMPETUS
IV. STANDARD OF CARE
V. OVERALL TISSUE ENGINEERING STRATEGY
VI. MATERIALS AS SCAFFOLDS
VII. MATERIALS AS DELIVERY VEHICLES FOR ADIPOGENIC FACTORS
VIII. FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS
REFERENCES
Scaffolding in Periodontal Engineering
I. CHALLENGES IN THE TREATMENT OF PERIODONTAL ALVEOLAR BONE DEFECTS
II. IMPORTANCE OF DELIVERY DEVICES FOR PERIODONTAL TISSUE ENGINEERING
III. SCAFFOLDING DEVICES USED FOR PERIODONTAL TISSUE ENGINEERING
IV. PROTEIN DELIVERY FOR PERIODONTAL TISSUE ENGINEERING
V. CELL DELIVERY FOR PERIODONTAL ENGINEERING
VI. GENE DELIVERY IN PERIODONTAL TISSUE ENGINEERING
VII. FUTURE APPLICATIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Tissue Engineering of Craniofacial Structure
I. FDA-APPROVED BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS
II. GROWTH FACTORS AND BONE REGENERATION
III. GROWTH FACTOR ENCAPSULATION
IV. CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Hemoglobin-Based Red Blood Cell Substitutes
I. INTRODUCTION
II. FIRST-GENERATION BLOOD SUBSTITUTES
III. SECOND-GENERATION BLOOD SUBSTITUTES
IV. THIRD-GENERATION BLOOD SUBSTITUTES
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Nerve Regeneration
I. SCAFFOLDS FOR THE PNS
II. SCAFFOLDS FOR THE CNS: THE SPINAL CORD
III. APPROACHES TO TREATMENT, REPAIR, AND REGENERATION
IV. SCAFFOLDS FOR THE CNS: THE BRAIN
V. THE FUTURE FOR SCAFFOLDS IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
REFERENCES
Functional Tissue Engineering of Cartilage and Myocardium: Bioreactor Aspects
I. INTRODUCTION
II. TISSUE ENGINEERING BIOREACTORS
III. BIOREACTOR CULTIVATION OF ENGINEERED CARTILAGE
IV. BIOREACTOR CULTIVATION OF ENGINEERED CARDIAC TISSUE
V. CASE STUDIES
VI. SUMMARY
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Stem Cells in Tissue Engineering
I. INTRODUCTION
II. STEM CELLS
III. GENE THERAPY
IV. STEM CELL BASED THERAPY
V. MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
VI. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
VII. UROGENITAL SYSTEM
VIII. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Osteochondral Tissue Engineering — Regeneration of Articular Condyle from Mesenchymal Stem Cells
I. INTRODUCTION
II. COMPUTER-AIDED SCAFFOLDING AND MOLDING APPROACHES
III. SCAFFOLD MATERIALS AND DESIGN
IV. MECHANICAL MODULATION OF CHONDROGENIC AND OSTEOGENIC PROCESS
V. REPRESENTATIVE TISSUE ENGINEERING OF HUMAN ARTICULAR CONDYLES FROM ADULT STEM CELLS
VI. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Tissue Engineered Meniscal Tissue
I. INTRODUCTION
II. ANATOMY AND COMPOSITION
III. FUNCTION
IV. MENISCAL CELLS
V. CELL SOURCES FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING
VI. SCAFFOLDS
VII. CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Tissue Engineering for Insulin Replacement in Diabetes
I. INTRODUCTION
II. EXOGENOUS INSULIN DELIVERY
III. TISSUE SOURCES
IV. IMMUNE DESTRUCTION OF ISLETS
V. ENGINEERING APPROACHES TO IMMUNOPROTECTION OF ISLETS
VI. FUTURE DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
Three-Dimensional Tissue Fabrication: Application in Hepatic Tissue Engineering
I. INTRODUCTION TO HEPATIC TISSUE ENGINEERING
II. OVERVIEW OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL TISSUE FABRICATION
III. 3D SCAFFOLD FABRICATION METHODS
IV. FABRICATION OF CELLULAR STRUCTURES
V. FABRICATION OF HYBRID (CELL/SCAFFOLD) CONSTRUCTS
VI. SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Index
Back cover

2023-07-16