This best-selling and widely used resource on pediatric antimicrobial therapy provides instant access to reliable, up-to-the-minute recommendations for treatment of all infectious diseases in children. For each disease, the authors provide a commentary to help health care providers select the best of all antimicrobial choices. Drug descriptions cover all antimicrobial agents available today and include complete information about dosing regimens. In response to growing concerns about overuse of antibiotics, the program includes guidelines on when not to prescribe antibiotics.Key FeaturesPractical, evidence-based recommendations from the experts in antimicrobial therapyNew sections on the selection of appropriate antimicrobials in the setting of resistant gram-negative organismsNew therapies for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusUpdated guidelines for selected diseasesAt-a-glance tables of bacterial and fungal pathogen susceptibilities to commonly used antimicrobialsIncludes treatment of parasitic infections and tropical medicineAntibiotic therapy for obese childrenAntimicrobial prophylaxis and prevention of symptomatic infectionMaximal adult dosages and higher dosages of some antimicrobials commonly used in children

nexusstc/2018 - Nelson’s Pediatric Antimicrobial Therapy/675565d038e1e836d6bb467ad746d785.pdf

lgli/2018 Nelson__039;s Pediatric Antimicrobial Therapy, 24e (January 15, 2018.pdf

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zlib/Medicine/John S. Bradley, John D. Nelson (eds.)/2018 - Nelson’s Pediatric Antimicrobial Therapy_3561101.pdf

Elizabeth D Barnett; John S Bradley; Joseph B Cantey; David W Kimberlin; John D Nelson; Paul E Palumbo; Jason Sauberan; William J Steinbach

John S. Bradley MD, John D. Nelson MD Emeritus

Bradley MD, John S., Nelson MD, John D.

PDF-XChange Editor 6.0.317.1

American Academy of Pediatrics, Itasca, Il, 2018

United States, United States of America

24th ed, Elk Grove Village, 2018

24th edition, Itasca, Il, 2018

Twenty fourth Edition,, 2018

Jan 15, 2018

0

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{"edition":"24th","isbns":["1610021096","9781610021098"],"last_page":325,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics","volume":"24th"}

Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Notable Changes to 2018 Nelson’s Pediatric Antimicrobial Therapy,
24th Edition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x
1. Choosing Among Antibiotics Within a Class: Beta-lactams, Macrolides,
Aminoglycosides, and Fluoroquinolones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2. Choosing Among Antifungal Agents: Polyenes, Azoles, and Echinocandins . . . . . . 9
3. How Antibiotic Dosages Are Determined Using Susceptibility Data,
Pharmacodynamics, and Treatment Outcomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4. Approach to Antibiotic Therapy of Drug-Resistant Gram-negative Bacilli
and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5. Antimicrobial Therapy for Newborns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
A. Recommended Therapy for Selected Newborn Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
B. Antimicrobial Dosages for Neonates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
C. Aminoglycosides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
D. Vancomycin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
E. Use of Antimicrobials During Pregnancy or Breastfeeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
6. Antimicrobial Therapy According to Clinical Syndromes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
A. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
B. Skeletal Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
C. Eye Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
D. Ear and Sinus Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
E. Oropharyngeal Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
F. Lower Respiratory Tract Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
G. Cardiovascular Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
H. Gastrointestinal Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
I. Genital and Sexually Transmitted Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102
J. Central Nervous System Infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106
K. Urinary Tract Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
L. Miscellaneous Systemic Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
7. Preferred Therapy for Specifc Bacterial and Mycobacterial Pathogens. . . . . . . . .119
A. Common Bacterial Pathogens and Usual Pattern of Susceptibility to
Antibiotics (Gram Positive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120
B. Common Bacterial Pathogens and Usual Pattern of Susceptibility to
Antibiotics (Gram Negative). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122
C. Common Bacterial Pathogens and Usual Pattern of Susceptibility to
Antibiotics (Anaerobes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
D. Preferred Therapy for Specifc Bacterial and Mycobacterial Pathogens . . . . . . . .126
8. Preferred Therapy for Specifc Fungal Pathogens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143
A. Overview of More Common Fungal Pathogens and Their Usual Pattern
of Antifungal Susceptibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
B. Systemic Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146
C. Localized Mucocutaneous Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159
9. Preferred Therapy for Specifc Viral Pathogens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161
A. Overview of Non-HIV Viral Pathogens and Usual Pattern of
Susceptibility to Antivirals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162
B. Preferred Therapy for Specifc Viral Pathogens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164
10. Preferred Therapy for Specifc Parasitic Pathogens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177
A. Selected Common Pathogenic Parasites and Suggested
Agents for Treatment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178
B. Preferred Therapy for Specifc Parasitic Pathogens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180
11. Alphabetic Listing of Antimicrobials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199
A. Systemic Antimicrobials With Dosage Forms and Usual Dosages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .201
B. Topical Antimicrobials (Skin, Eye, Ear) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221
12. Antibiotic Therapy for Children Who Are Obese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229
13. Sequential Parenteral-Oral Antibiotic Therapy (Oral Step-down Therapy)
for Serious Infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233
14. Antimicrobial Prophylaxis/Prevention of Symptomatic Infection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235
A. Postexposure Antimicrobial Prophylaxis to Prevent Infection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .237
B. Long-term Antimicrobial Prophylaxis to Prevent Symptomatic
New Infection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .244
C. Prophylaxis of Symptomatic Disease in Children Who Have Asymptomatic
Infection/Latent Infection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245
D. Surgical/Procedure Prophylaxis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .246
15. Adverse Reactions to Antimicrobial Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .251
Appendix: Nomogram for Determining Body Surface Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .259
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .261
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .285

Contents 5
Introduction 7
1. Choosing Among Antibiotics Within a Class: Beta-lactams, Macrolides,
Aminoglycosides, and Fluoroquinolones 11
2. Choosing Among Antifungal Agents: Polyenes, Azoles, and
Echinocandins 19
3. How Antibiotic Dosages Are Determined Using Susceptibility Data,
Pharmacodynamics, and Treatment Outcomes 27
4. Approach to Antibiotic Therapy of Drug-Resistant Gram-negative Bacilli
and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus 31
5. Antimicrobial Therapy for Newborns 39
A. Recommended Therapy for Selected Newborn Conditions 40
B. Antimicrobial Dosages for Neonates 59
C. Aminoglycosides 63
D. Vancomycin 63
E. Use of Antimicrobials During Pregnancy or Breastfeeding 63
6. Antimicrobial Therapy According to Clinical Syndromes 65
A. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections 67
B. Skeletal Infections 73
C. Eye Infections 75
D. Ear and Sinus Infections 79
E. Oropharyngeal Infections 82
F. Lower Respiratory Tract Infections 85
G. Cardiovascular Infections 98
H. Gastrointestinal Infections 105
I. Genital and Sexually Transmitted Infections 112
J. Central Nervous System Infections 116
K. Urinary Tract Infections 121
L. Miscellaneous Systemic Infections 122
7. Preferred Therapy for Specific Bacterial and Mycobacterial Pathogens 129
A. Common Bacterial Pathogens and Usual Pattern of Susceptibility to
Antibiotics (Gram Positive) 130
B. Common Bacterial Pathogens and Usual Pattern of Susceptibility to
Antibiotics (Gram Negative) 132
C. Common Bacterial Pathogens and Usual Pattern of Susceptibility to
Antibiotics (Anaerobes) 134
D. Preferred Therapy for Specific Bacterial and Mycobacterial Pathogens 136
8. Preferred Therapy for Specific Fungal Pathogens 153
A. Overview of More Common Fungal Pathogens and Their Usual Pattern
of Antifungal Susceptibilities 153
B. Systemic Infections 155
C. Localized Mucocutaneous Infections 169
9. Preferred Therapy for Specific Viral Pathogens 171
A. Overview of Non-HIV Viral Pathogens and Usual Pattern of
Susceptibility to Antivirals 171
B. Preferred Therapy for Specific Viral Pathogens 173
10. Preferred Therapy for Specific Parasitic Pathogens 187
A. Selected Common Pathogenic Parasites and Suggested
Agents for Treatment 187
B. Preferred Therapy for Specific Parasitic Pathogens 189
11. Alphabetic Listing of Antimicrobials 209
A. Systemic Antimicrobials With Dosage Forms and Usual Dosages 211
B. Topical Antimicrobials (Skin, Eye, Ear) 230
12. Antibiotic Therapy for Children Who Are Obese 239
13. Sequential Parenteral-Oral Antibiotic Therapy (Oral Step-down
Therapy) for Serious Infections 243
14. Antimicrobial Prophylaxis/Prevention of Symptomatic Infection 245
A. Postexposure Antimicrobial Prophylaxis to Prevent Infection 247
B. Long-term Antimicrobial Prophylaxis to Prevent Symptomatic
New Infection 253
C. Prophylaxis of Symptomatic Disease in Children Who Have Asymptomatic
Infection/Latent Infection 255
D. Surgical/Procedure Prophylaxis 256
15. Adverse Reactions to Antimicrobial Agents 261
Appendix: Nomogram for Determining Body Surface Area 269
References 271
Index 295

Intro -- Introduction -- 1. Choosing Among Antibiotics Within a Class: Beta-lactams, Macrolides, Aminoglycosides, and Fluoroquinolones -- 2. Choosing Among Antifungal Agents: Polyenes, Azoles, and Echinocandins -- 3. How Antibiotic Dosages Are Determined Using Susceptibility Data, Pharmacodynamics, and Treatment Outcomes -- 4. Approach to Antibiotic Therapy of Drug-Resistant Gram-negative Bacilli and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus -- 5. Antimicrobial Therapy for Newborns -- A. Recommended Therapy for Selected Newborn Conditions -- B. Antimicrobial Dosages for Neonates -- C. Aminoglycosides -- D. Vancomycin -- E. Use of Antimicrobials During Pregnancy or Breastfeeding -- 6. Antimicrobial Therapy According to Clinical Syndromes -- A. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections -- B. Skeletal Infections -- C. Eye Infections -- D. Ear and Sinus Infections -- E. Oropharyngeal Infections -- F. Lower Respiratory Tract Infections -- G. Cardiovascular Infections -- H. Gastrointestinal Infections -- I. Genital and Sexually Transmitted Infections -- J. Central Nervous System Infections -- K. Urinary Tract Infections -- L. Miscellaneous Systemic Infections -- 7. Preferred Therapy for Specific Bacterial and Mycobacterial Pathogens -- A. Common Bacterial Pathogens and Usual Pattern of Susceptibility to Antibiotics (Gram Positive) -- B. Common Bacterial Pathogens and Usual Pattern of Susceptibility to Antibiotics (Gram Negative) -- C. Common Bacterial Pathogens and Usual Pattern of Susceptibility to Antibiotics (Anaerobes) -- D. Preferred Therapy for Specific Bacterial and Mycobacterial Pathogens -- 8. Preferred Therapy for Specific Fungal Pathogens -- A. Overview of More Common Fungal Pathogens and Their Usual Pattern of Antifungal Susceptibilities -- B. Systemic Infections -- C. Localized Mucocutaneous Infections

This best-selling and widely used resource on pediatric antimicrobial therapy provides instant access to reliable, up-to-the-minute recommendations for treatment of all infectious diseases in children. For each disease, the authors provide a commentary to help health care providers select the best of all antimicrobial choices. Drug descriptions cover all antimicrobial agents available today and include complete information about dosing regimens. In response to growing concerns about overuse of antibiotics, the program includes guidelines on when not to prescribe antibiotics. Key features include: Practical evidence-based recommendations from the experts in antimicrobial therapy ; At-a-glance tables of bacterial and fungal pathogen susceptibilities to commonly used antimicrobials -- Includes treatment of parasitic infections and tropical medicine -- Antibiotic therapy for obese children -- Antimicrobial prophylaxis and prevention of symptomatic infection -- Maximal adult dosages and higher dosages of some antimicrobials commonly used in children. -- Website

2018-07-29