This book provides information on the generation and the effects of hazardous substances that are produced during welding and allied processes. These processes are thermal cutting, thermal spraying, soldering and brazing. The book offers guidance on the determination of hazardous substances and it simplifies assessment of the hazard due to hazardous substances. In addition, the book explains tests in order to understand the concentration and intensity of key hazardous substances. Last but not least, the book suggests several possibilities of avoiding the risk to worker’s health as a result of exposing them to these substances.

lgrsnf/317.pdf

scihub/10.1007/978-3-030-36926-2.pdf

Spiegel-ciobanu, Vilia Elena, Costa, Luca, Zschiesche, Wolfgang

International Institute of Welding ; Springer

Springer International Institute of Welding

Springer Nature Switzerland AG

IIW collection, Paris, France], Cham, Switzerland, 2020

IIW collection, Genoa, Italy], Cham, Switzerland, 2020

Springer Nature, [Paris, France], 2020

Switzerland, Switzerland

Apr 01, 2020

1, 20200331

sm81577289

Source title: Hazardous Substances in Welding and Allied Processes (IIW Collection)

Preface I
Preface II
Acknowledgements
Contents
1 General Information on Hazardous Substances in Welding and Allied Processes
1.1 Definition
1.2 Classification
1.2.1 Occurrence
1.2.2 Health Effects
1.3 Generation
1.3.1 Gaseous Hazardous Substances
1.3.2 Particulate Hazardous Substances
1.3.3 Hazardous Substances from Organic Based Coating Materials
1.4 Influencing Factors
1.5 Occupational Exposure Limit Values
1.6 Biological Limit Values
1.7 Test Methods
References
2 Health Effects of Specific Hazardous Substances
2.1 Toxic Gaseous Hazardous Substances
2.1.1 Carbon Monoxide (CO)
2.1.2 Nitrogen Oxides (NOx = NO, NO2)
2.1.3 Ozone (O3)
2.1.4 Phosgene (COCI2)
2.1.5 Gases from Coating Materials and Fluxes
2.2 Particulate Hazardous Substances
2.2.1 Lung-Stressing Substances
2.2.2 Toxic Substances
2.2.3 Carcinogenic Substances
2.2.4 Radioactive Substances
References
3 Assignment of Hazardous Substances to Welding Processes and Materials
3.1 Welding
3.1.1 Gas Welding
3.1.2 Manual Metal Arc Welding with Covered Electrodes
3.1.3 Gas-Shielded Arc Welding, in General
3.1.4 Gas-Shielded Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)
3.1.5 Tungsten Inert Gas Welding (TIG)
3.1.6 Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)
3.1.7 Resistance Welding
3.1.8 Laser Welding Without Filler Metal
3.1.9 Laser Cladding
3.1.10 Laser Welding with Nd:YAG-Laser
3.1.11 Assignment of Key Components to Welding Processes (Example)
3.1.12 Hybrid Welding
3.2 Thermal Cutting
3.2.1 Flame Cutting (Unalloyed and Low-Alloy Steel)
3.2.2 Plasma Cutting
3.2.3 Laser Beam Cutting, in General
3.2.4 Laser Cutting with CO2-Laser
3.2.5 Laser Cutting with Nd:YAG-Laser
3.3 Thermal Spraying
3.3.1 Flame Spraying
3.3.2 Arc Spraying
3.3.3 Plasma Spraying
3.4 Soldering and Brazing
3.4.1 Soldering (T 450 °C)
3.4.3 MIG Brazing, Laser Brazing, Plasma Brazing (T > 900 °C)
References
4 Ultrafine Particles (UFP)
4.1 Findings from Studies on Toxicity of UFP in General
4.2 Findings from Research on the Characteristics of UFP
4.3 Results from Studies on Welding Processes
4.4 Findings from Research on Identification of Particle Characteristics in Welding of Galvanized Sheet
4.5 Other Findings
References
5 Hazard Evaluation During Welding
5.1 ISO 15011-4 Approach
5.2 Risk Assessment
5.3 Assessment of Airborne Particles During Welding and Allied Processes
5.4 Additional Tools for Hazard Evaluation
References
6 Measurement Methods
6.1 Measurement Methods for Gaseous Substances
6.2 Measurement Methods for Particulate Substances in the Breathing Zone
6.3 Stationary Sampling for Particulate Substances
References
7 Technical Protective Measures
7.1 Selection of Low Fume Emission Processes
7.2 Selection of Low Emission Consumables
7.3 Improvement of the Working Conditions
7.4 Technical Safety Devices
7.4.1 Oxyacetylene Welding and Cutting
7.4.2 Plasma Cutting
7.4.3 Operations in Enclosed Booths
7.4.4 Ventilation
7.4.5 Free Ventilation (Natural Ventilation)
7.4.6 Forced (Mechanical) Ventilation
7.4.7 Extraction
7.4.8 Downdraft Cutting Tables
7.4.9 Supply Air Systems/Room Ventilation
References
8 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Hazardous Substances
8.1 Welder’s Hand-Held Shields and Welding Helmets
8.2 Respiratory Protective Equipment
9 Preventive Occupational Medical Care
References
Appendix Hazard evaluation during welding, German approach
References

This book provides information on the generation and the effects of hazardous substances that are produced during welding and allied processes. These processes are thermal cutting, thermal spraying, soldering and brazing. The book offers guidance on the determination of hazardous substances and it simplifies assessment of the hazard due to hazardous substances.
Erscheinungsdatum: 01.04.2020

2020-04-12