Christian evangelism was the ostensible motive for much of the early European interaction with the indigenous population of America. The religious orders of the Catholic Church were the front-line representatives of Western culture and the ones who met indigenous America face-to-face. They were also the primary agents of religious change. In this book, Nicholas Cushner provides the first comprehensive overview and analysis of the American missionary activities of the Jesuits. From the North American encounter with the Indians of Florida in 1565, through Mexico, New France, the Paraguay Reductions, Andean Perus, to contact with Native Americans in Maryland on the eve of the American Revolution, members of the order interacted with both native elites and colonizers. Drawing on the abundant documentation of and scholarship about these encounters, Cushner examines how the Jesuits behaved toward the indigenous population and analyzes the way in which native belief systems were replaced by Christianity. He seeks to understand how and why the initial European-Indian encounter changed not only the religion of the natives, but also their material culture, economic activity, social organization, and even their sexual behavior. Always sensitive to the influence of European "cultural filters" on Jesuit accounts, Cushner attempts as far as possible to discover the authentic voices of the Native Americans with whom they interacted. The result is a fascinating and highly accessible introduction to the earliest colonial encounters in the Americas.
**
Review "Without a doubt, this is the best overall study of Jesuit missions in the Americas to date: it is extremely readable, grounded in solid research, and buttressed by balanced and insightful comments."--JeffreyKlaiber, The International History Review
"This is a book for which the author must be heartily congratulated. Such a daunting, yet, on the whole, successful examination of Jesuit-Indian interactions --on a continental scale, in five different American locations, and in comparable chronological settings --has rarely, if ever, been seriously attempted or has produced such convincing results. If anything, Cushner's book strengthens the notion that conversion to Christianity, and probably to any new religion (or belief system), is such an intimate, individual event that we will never be able to interrogate a convert's sincerity, let alone to quantify the overall phenomenon." -- Journal of American History
"Cushner offers a welcome introductory text on Jesuit efforts in the New World, based on an understanding of Jesuit spirituality and missiology, and comparative analysis that brings each aspect of the book into focus." -- Michigan Historical Review
About the Author
Nicholas P. Cushner is Professor of History (Emeritus) at the Empire State College, State University of New York, in Albany.

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IRL Press at Oxford University Press

Oxford Institute for Energy Studies

German Historical Institute London

Ebsco Publishing

United Kingdom and Ireland, United Kingdom

United States, United States of America

New York, New York State, 2006

Oxford ; New York, 2006

1, PS, 2006

до 2011-01

lg404505

producers:
Acrobat Distiller 5.0 (Windows)

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Memory of the World Librarian: Quintus

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Christian Evangelism Was The Ostensible Motive For Much Of The Early European Interaction With The Indigenous Population Of America. The Religious Orders Of The Catholic Church Were The Front-line Representatives Of Western Culture And The Ones Who Met Indigenous America Face-to-face. They Were Also The Primary Agents Of Religious Change. In This Book, Nicholas Cushner Provides The First Comprehensive Overview And Analysis Of The American Missionary Activities Of The Jesuits. From The North American Encounter With The Indians Of Florida In 1565, Through Mexico, New France, The Paraguay Reductions, Andean Perus, To Contact With Native Americans In Maryland On The Eve Of The American Revolution, Members Of The Order Interacted With Both Native Elites And Colonizers. Drawing On The Abundant Documentation Of And Scholarship About These Encounters, Cushner Examines How The Jesuits Behaved Toward The Indigenous Population And Analyzes The Way In Which Native Belief Systems Were Replaced By Christianity. He Seeks To Understand How And Why The Initial European-indian Encounter Changed Not Only The Religion Of The Natives, But Also Their Material Culture, Economic Activity, Social Organization, And Even Their Sexual Behavior. Always Sensitive To The Influence Of European 'cultural Filters' On Jesuit Accounts, Cushner Attempts As Far As Possible To Discover The Authentic Voices Of The Native Americans With Whom They Interacted. The Result Is A Fascinating And Highly Accessible Introduction To The Earliest Colonial Encounters In The Americas -- Two Worlds Meet -- La Florida -- The Four Rivers Of Sinaloa -- Conquest, Pacification, And Conversion -- Julí : Utopia Or Theocracy -- The Guaraní -- Art, Architecture, And Theater -- The Beaver And The Fleur-de-lis -- Maryland : A Fine, Poor Man's Country -- Retrospective. Nicholas P. Cushner. Includes Bibliographical References (p. [231]-250) And Index.

Worlds meet
Native America
The European world
Why they went
Church and state
La florida
Message and response
Europeans and Indians
The four rivers of Sinaloa
Sinaloa and Sonora
The mission : organization and methods
Baptism and epidemics
Fair with occasional showers
Attitudes : Indian and European
The formality of religion
Conversions : sincere or fake?
"Conquest, pacification, and conversion"
The uprooting of idolatry
Juli :́ utopia or theocracy
Xulí of the Andes
Socio-religious structures
Doctrina Christiana
"The devil has persuaded them"
Isolation and indoctrination
The Guaraní
Beginnings
"Men of one day"
Why the European came
"Arma mágica"
The kingdom of God on earth
Tea and cattle
From folkways to heresy
Art, architecture, and theatre
Old forms in new settings
Houses of God
The great estates
"Palaces in the desert"
Jesuit theatre
The beaver and the Fleur de Lis
The land between the lakes
Politics, culture, and religion
Message and response
Legacies
Go left at the Gila River
Maryland : "a fine, poor man's country"
St. Mary's City, 1634
Jesuits and Indians
Politics and religion
Farms and manors
Maryland missionaries
Retrospective.

ISBN-13: 9780195308013
Contents 13
Abbreviations 15
Introduction 19
1. Two Worlds Meet 29
2. La Florida 47
3. The Four Rivers of Sinaloa 65
4. Conquest, Pacification, and Conversion 87
5. Julí: Utopia or Theocracy 95
6. The Guaraní 117
7. Art, Architecture, and Theater 145
8. The Beaver and the Fleur-de-Lis 165
9. Maryland: “A Fine, Poor Man’s Country” 187
10. Retrospective 207
Notes 215
Bibliography 247
Index 267
A 267
B 267
C 267
D 268
E 268
F 268
G 268
H 268
I 269
J 269
K 269
L 269
M 269
N 269
O 270
P 270
Q 270
R 270
S 270
T 270
V 271
W 271
X 271
Y 271
# Publisher: Oxford University Press,USA
# Number Of Pages: 270
# Publication Date: 2006-07-27

Contents......Page 13
Abbreviations......Page 15
Introduction......Page 19
1. Two Worlds Meet......Page 29
2. La Florida......Page 47
3. The Four Rivers of Sinaloa......Page 65
4. Conquest, Pacification, and Conversion......Page 87
5. Julí: Utopia or Theocracy......Page 95
6. The Guaraní......Page 117
7. Art, Architecture, and Theater......Page 145
8. The Beaver and the Fleur-de-Lis......Page 165
9. Maryland: “A Fine, Poor Man’s Country”......Page 187
10. Retrospective......Page 207
Notes......Page 215
Bibliography......Page 247
C......Page 267
H......Page 268
N......Page 269
T......Page 270
Y......Page 271

'Why Have You Come Here?' examines how the Jesuits behaved toward the indigenous population and analyzes the way in which native belief systems were replaced by Christianity. It also seeks to understand how the European-Indian encounter changed their material culture

2011-06-04