In August 2017, the Chemical Signals in Vertebrates (CSiV) group held its 14th triennial meeting at Cardiff University in Wales. This well established international conference brings together leaders and students in the field of olfactory communication and chemical signaling of vertebrates to present new advances in their research as well as synopses of disparate areas under new angles. This volume is a collection of the proceedings of this meeting authored by leading experts in this field that covers a wide variety of topics in chemical ecology.
Erscheinungsdatum: 20.07.2019

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International Symposium on Chemical Signals in Vertebrates

Buesching, Christina D.

Pagination_Cover

Uma Sarmistha

Springer Nature Switzerland AG

Springer Nature, Cham, 2019

Switzerland, Switzerland

Cham, Switzerland, 2019

Jul 20, 2019

14, 1, 2019

2, 20190719

0

sm76384312

producers:
Acrobat Distiller 10.0.0 (Windows)

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Preface 6
Contents 8
Contributors 10
Intra-specific Communication in Non-Human Vertebrates 14
Perspectives on Chemical Signals Conveying Information in Rodents 15
Abstract 15
1 Introduction 15
2 Sources of Scents 18
3 Concluding Thoughts 19
Acknowledgements 21
References 21
Latrines as Potential Communication Centres in Short-Beaked Echidnas 25
Abstract 25
1 Introduction 25
2 Materials and Methods 27
2.1 Study Site and Animals 27
2.2 Latrine Location in Relation to Habitat Type and Core Home Ranges 27
2.3 Temporal Patterns of Latrine Visits and Echidna Behaviour 28
3 Results 30
3.1 Latrine Location in Relation to Habitat Type and Core Home Ranges 30
3.2 Echidna Behaviour at Latrines 31
4 Discussion 33
Acknowledgements 35
References 35
Do Urinary Volatiles Carry Communicative Messages in Himalayan Snow Leopards [Panthera uncia, (Schreber, 1775)]? 39
Abstract 39
1 Introduction 39
2 Materials and Methods 41
2.1 Collection of Samples 41
2.2 Chemical Analysis 41
2.3 Statistical Data Analysis 44
3 Results 45
4 Discussion 47
Acknowledgements 48
References 48
Encoded Information Within Urine Influences Behavioural Responses Among European Badgers (Meles meles) 50
Abstract 50
1 Introduction 50
2 Methods 52
2.1 Study Population and Sample Collection 52
2.2 Scent-Playback Experiments and Behavioural Observations 53
2.3 Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) Analyses of Urinary Oestradiol and Testosterone Metabolites 54
2.3.1 Oestrogen EIA (Ng/Ml) 54
2.3.2 Testosterone EIA (Ng/Ml) 55
2.3.3 Normalisation of Urinary Hormone Concentration with Specific Gravity 55
2.4 Statistical Analysis 55
2.4.1 Behavioural Observations with Scent-Playback Experiments 55
2.4.2 Correlating Behavioural Observations with EIA Analyses 56
3 Results 56
3.1 Behavioural Observations with Scent-Playback Experiments 56
3.2 Effects of Age-Related Information on Behavioural Responses 57
3.3 Effects of Sex-Related Information on Behavioural Responses 59
3.4 Effects of Familiarity on Behavioural Responses 64
3.5 Correlating Behavioural Observations with Sex-Steroid Levels 64
3.5.1 Effects of Female Donor Oestradiol Levels 64
3.5.2 Effects of Male Donor Testosterone Levels 65
4 Discussion 65
References 67
LPS-Induced Immune System Stimulation Alters Urinary Volatiles and Behaviour in Growing Pigs 72
Abstract 72
1 Introduction 72
2 Materials and Methods 73
2.1 Pigs and Urine Collection 73
2.2 Eye Temperature Measurement and Recording of Pig Behaviour 74
2.3 Headspace Volatile Extraction and Analysis Using SPME-GC-MS 74
2.4 Peak Area Measurement 75
2.5 Statistical Analysis 75
3 Results 75
3.1 LPS Treatment Increases Body Temperature and Induces Sickness Behaviours in Pigs 75
3.2 LPS Treatment Quantitatively Changes the Urinary Headspace Volatile Compounds 75
4 Discussion 79
Acknowledgements 81
References 81
A Field Study of Wild Echidna Responses to Conspecific Odour 83
Abstract 83
1 Introduction 83
2 Materials and Methods 85
3 Results 86
4 Discussion 88
References 90
How Diet Affects Vertebrate Semiochemistry 93
Abstract 93
1 Introduction 93
2 Diet-Related Chemical Cues 94
3 Nutritional Status 97
4 Species Recognition 98
5 Individual and Kin Recognition 98
5.1 Diet-Mediated Changes in Individual Recognition 100
5.2 Diet-Mediated Changes in Kin Recognition 100
5.3 The Role of Microflora 101
6 Conclusions 101
Acknowledgements 102
References 102
The Social Function of Latrines: A Hypothesis-Driven Research Approach 106
Abstract 106
1 Introduction 106
2 Hypothesis-Based Predictions of Latrine Characteristics 107
2.1 Latrines as Resource Defence 107
2.2 Latrines as Information Centres and Reproductive Advertisement 109
2.3 Latrines as Landmarks Aiding in Orientation 110
2.4 The Role of Latrines in Parasite Avoidance 110
2.5 The Role of Latrines in Predator–Prey Interactions 111
3 Conclusion 112
References 112
Olfaction in Humans 116
The Effects of Artificial Fragrances on Human Olfactory Communication 117
Abstract 117
1 Human Olfactory Communication and Fragrance Use 117
2 How do Fragrances Impact on Body Odours? 118
3 How do Fragrances Influence Odour Assessment? 121
4 Conclusions and Recommendations 124
Acknowledgements 125
References 125
The Human Mammary Odour Factor: Variability and Regularities in Sources and Functions 128
Abstract 128
1 Constraints on Mammary Odour Signalling 128
2 Mammary Signalling and the Neonate’s Receptive Range 130
3 Sources of Mammary Odours: The Areola as a Scent Organ 131
4 Inter-individual Variability of Areolar Odour Sources 132
5 Areolar Secretions and Their Effects on Newborns 134
6 Adaptive Effects of Areolar Glands on the Infant and the Infant-Mother Dyad 138
7 Conclusion: Variability and Regularity in the Human Mammary Chemosignalling System 140
7.1 Variability/Regularity in Areolar Chemo-Emission 141
7.2 Variability/Regularity in Neonatal Response to AG Secretion 142
Acknowledgements 144
References 144
Cross-Cultural Approaches to Better Understand Chemical Communication in Humans 149
Abstract 149
1 The Importance of Social Odors in Human Relationships 149
2 Limits in the Study of Human Chemical Communication 151
3 How Could Cross-Cultural Approaches Increase Our Understanding of Chemical Communication? 153
3.1 Cross-Cultural Study of Odor Perception 153
3.2 Cross-Cultural Study of Odor Emission 155
3.3 The Influence of Culturally Shaped Rules of Social Interactions: Proxemics 155
4 Conclusion 157
References 158
Adaptation of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test for the Population of Central Russia 163
Abstract 163
1 Introduction 163
2 Materials and Methods 164
2.1 Participants 164
2.2 Test Procedure 165
2.3 Study Design 165
2.4 Data Analysis 166
3 Results 166
4 Discussion 169
Acknowledgements 170
References 170
Inter-specific Cues and Signals 172
House Mouse (Mus musculus) Avoidance of Olfactory Cues from Ferrets and Other Mammalian and Reptilian Predators: Preliminary Results 173
Abstract 173
1 Introduction 174
1.1 Predation 174
1.2 Ferret Olfactory Cues as a Predatory Stimulus 174
1.3 Snake Olfactory Cues as a Predator Stimulus 175
1.4 Fox and Dog Olfactory Cues as a Predator Stimulus 176
1.5 Cat Urine Olfactory Cues as a Predator Stimulus 176
2 Material and Methods 177
2.1 Animals 177
2.2 Apparatus 177
2.3 Treatments and Treatment Application 177
2.4 Behavioral Test 180
2.5 Measures and Video Analysis 180
2.6 Statistical Analysis 181
3 Results 181
4 Discussion 182
5 Conclusion 185
Acknowledgements 185
References 186
Do Carnivores Have a World Wide Web of Interspecific Scent Signals? 190
Abstract 190
1 Introduction 190
2 Methods 191
2.1 Study Area 191
2.2 Camera Trapping 191
2.3 Data Processing 192
3 Results 193
4 Discussion 193
4.1 How Much Interspecific Marking Goes on? 193
4.2 What Took Us So Long? 198
4.3 Is Interspecific Scent Marking Communication? 202
4.4 What is Interspecific Scent Marking for? 203
4.5 Implications for the Study of Mammal Chemical Communication 204
4.6 Implications Beyond Mammal Chemical Communication 206
5 Conclusion 206
References 207
Semio-chemistry and Evolution 211
Chemistry Between Salamanders: Evolution of the SPF Courtship Pheromone System in Salamandridae 212
Abstract 212
1 Introduction 212
2 Female Courtship Responses and the Biological Roles of SPF 214
3 The SPF pheromone System 216
4 The Origin of Sodefrin 217
5 Species-Specificity of the SPF Pheromone System 219
6 Pheromone Glands in Salamandrids 220
7 SPF and the Evolution of Courtship Behaviour 220
8 Future Perspectives 222
Acknowledgements 223
References 223
Comparative Structural Modeling of Bovine Vomeronasal Type-1 Receptor 1 (VN1R1) and Elucidation of Molecular Interactions with Pheromones Using in silico Approaches 228
Abstract 228
1 Introduction 229
2 Methods 230
2.1 Computational Sequence Curation 230
2.2 Evolutionary Tree Analysis 230
2.3 Sequence Analysis of VN1R1 231
2.4 Structure Annotation of VN1R1 231
2.5 Binding Site and Ligand Optimization 232
2.6 Molecular Docking 233
3 Results and Discussion 233
3.1 MSA and Phylogenetic Tree Analysis 233
3.2 VN1R1 Sequence Elucidation 235
3.3 Comparative Modeling and Simulation 235
3.4 Receptor–Ligand Interactions 238
4 Conclusion 241
Acknowledgements 241
References 241
Detecting the Smell of Disease and Injury: Scoping Evolutionary and Ecological Implications 245
Abstract 245
1 Introduction 245
2 How Health Issues Can Change Host Odour 246
3 How Health-Related Odour Changes Modify Social Behaviour of Conspecifics 247
3.1 General Odour of Ill-Health 247
3.2 Parasites 248
3.3 Excreta, Egestions and Secretions 248
4 Sexual Selection: The Fragrance of Rejection 249
4.1 Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) 249
5 Predation: Olfactory ‘Come Catch-Me’ Cues 251
6 Conclusion: The Ultimate Red Queen Game 252
Acknowledgements 253
References 253
Index 258

2019-07-20