Featuring numerous updates and revisions, U.S. and Latin American Relations, 2nd Edition offers in-depth theoretical and historical analyses to explore the complex dynamic between the United States and the countries that comprise Latin America. \* Presents a theoretical framework that allows readers to view U.S.-Latin American relations from both a regional and global context \* Reviews the history of U.S.-Latin American relations from the 19th century to the present, including in-depth coverage of the ways political events in Cuba have shaped policy \* Examines former issues of conflict that are now areas of cooperation, such as debt and trade, immigration, human rights, illegal drugs, and terrorism \* Incorporates primary documents to place issues within historical context

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Weeks, Gregory B.

John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated

Second edition., Chichester, UK, Hoboken, NJ, England, 2015

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (trade), Chichester, UK, 2015

Second edition, Chichester, West Sussex, UK, 2015

United States, United States of America

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Includes bibliographical references and index.

Title Page 5
Copyright Page 6
Contents 7
Preface 8
Acknowledgments 11
Chapter 1 The Theoretical Context of U.S.–Latin American Relations 13
Structure 22
Notes 24
Further Sources 24
Chapter 2 The Roots of U.S. and Latin American Relations 26
Security and U.S. Policy 29
Recognition of the New Nations 33
Nation Building and International Relations in Latin America 35
The Origins of the Monroe Doctrine 36
War with Mexico 42
Building a Canal 46
Summary and Conclusion 49
Research Questions 51
Notes 51
Further Sources 52
Books 52
Websites 52
Chapter 3 The Rise of U.S. Hegemony 54
Central America and the Pursuit of a Canal 57
U.S. Investment and “Banana Republics” 62
Debt and Intervention 63
The Evolution of Cuban “Independence” 64
The Importance of South America 70
The War of the Pacific 70
Venezuela and the Olney Doctrine 72
Conflicting Visions of Pan-Americanism 76
Summary and Conclusion 78
Research Questions 78
Notes 79
Further Sources 79
Books 79
Websites 80
Chapter 4 The Era of Intervention and the Good Neighbor 81
The Drago Doctrine 84
Debt and the Dominican Republic 87
Case Study in Dollar Diplomacy: Nicaragua 88
The Dominican Republic 91
Controlling Cuba 91
Dollar Diplomacy and Debt 92
Debt and Central America 92
Woodrow Wilson: More Continuity Than Change 93
Woodrow Wilson and Mexico 94
Wilson and Pan-Americanism 98
Cuba under the Platt Amendment 98
The Good Neighbor Policy 101
Summary and Conclusion 105
Research Questions 107
Notes 107
Further Sources 107
Books 107
Websites 108
Chapter 5 The Early Cold War Period 109
The Effects of World War II 110
Latin American Militaries 111
The Cold War Begins 112
Security in the Hemisphere 114
Reactions to Revolutions: Bolivia and Guatemala 121
Bolivia 121
The Invasion of Guatemala 122
Cuba after the Platt Amendment 128
The Nixon Trip and Its Consequences 129
The Political Economy of the Early Cold War 130
Summary and Conclusion 132
Research Questions 133
Notes 133
Further Sources 134
Books 134
Websites 135
Chapter 6 The Cuban Revolution 136
The Development of the Cuban Revolution 137
Latin American View: The OAS 141
President John F. Kennedy and Cuba 141
The Alliance for Progress 142
The Struggle to Maintain Hegemony: 1960–1962 144
Bay of Pigs 144
Power Politics: The Cuban Missile Crisis 145
The Administration of Lyndon Johnson 147
The New Guerrillas 148
Latin American Militaries 151
Covert Action and Chile 152
Covert Action and Brazil 152
Hegemony and Invasion: The Case of the Dominican Republic 154
Summary and Conclusion 156
Notes 157
Further Sources 158
Books 158
Websites 159
Chapter 7 The Communist Threat and U.S. Intervention 160
Strategies for Fighting “Subversion” 161
The Nixon Administration and South America 165
The Case of Chile 166
The Spread of Military Governments in Latin America 167
Latin American Reactions 169
Political Turmoil in Central America 170
Revolution and Response in Nicaragua 171
President Reagan and Central America 174
Latin American Opponents to the War 177
The Future of the Panama Canal 180
The End of the Cold War and the Bush Administration 182
Summary and Conclusion 185
Notes 186
Further Sources 187
Books 187
Websites 187
Chapter 8 Free Trade and Neoliberal Reform 189
Crisis of the Import Substitution Industrialization Model 190
The Debt Crisis 191
The Debt Crisis and Mexico 192
The Curious Case of Chile 194
The Rise of Free Trade 197
Mexican Resistance: The Zapatistas 200
The Free Trade Area of the Americas and Latin American Reactions 205
Rejection of the Washington Consensus: Cuba 206
Rejection of the Washington Consensus: The Rise of Populism 210
Embrace of the Washington Consensus: The Case of Argentina 211
Political Economy in the Twenty-First Century 212
Summary and Conclusion 214
Research Questions 216
Notes 216
Further Sources 216
Books 216
Websites 217
Chapter 9 Challenges to U.S. Hegemony 219
Origins of Institutions 221
ALBA 225
UNASUR 227
CELAC 230
Petrocaribe 231
The U.S. Response 232
New Conceptions of Human Rights 232
Diplomatic Relations 233
Counter-Hegemony and Popular Culture 234
Pacific Alliance 234
Domestic Tensions 235
Venezuela Crisis 237
Concrete Impact 239
Summary and Conclusion 241
Research Questions 242
Notes 242
Further Sources 242
Books 242
Websites 243
Chapter 10 Latin American Immigration and U.S. Policy 244
Immigration’s Supply and Demand 245
Historical Background 248
The “Demand” Side of Immigration 254
Latino Immigration and U.S. Politics 256
Immigrant Treatment 259
The Plight of Refugees 261
The Economic Impact of Immigration 264
Summary and Conclusion 266
Research Questions 267
Notes 267
Further Sources 268
Books 268
Websites 268
Chapter 11 Human Rights and Democracy 270
Origins of Human Rights in International Law 271
A Human Rights Interregnum: President Jimmy Carter 275
The Role of Nongovernmental Organizations 277
The Role of the OAS 283
Relations with Latin American Militaries 285
The Case of Cuba 288
Latin American Responses to Cuba 289
The State of Democracy in Latin America 290
Summary and Conclusion 292
Research Questions 293
Notes 293
Further Sources 294
Books 294
Websites 294
Chapter 12 Drug Trafficking and Terrorism 296
The Nature of Terrorism 297
The Debate over Where Terrorism Exists 298
Terrorism and Drugs 299
Producing Countries, Terrorism and Drugs: The Case of Colombia 300
Drugs and Political Violence in Bolivia and Peru 303
Transshipment Countries: The War on Drugs in Mexico and Central America 305
“Winning” the War on Narcoterrorism 308
Ideological Violence 311
Religious Extremism 312
The Role of the OAS 314
Fighting Terrorism while Promoting Democracy 317
Summary and Conclusion 317
Research Questions 318
Notes 318
Further Sources 319
Books 319
Websites 320
Glossary 321
Bibliography 324
Index 339
EULA 346

2015-09-06