This book introduces the metal magnetic memory (MMM) technique, one of the nondestructive testing methods, and its applications in remanufacturing engineering. It discusses the advantages of MMM and how to evaluate the early damage degree of remanufacturing cores, as well as the repairing quality of remanufactured components. Various MMM signal characteristics are extracted to reflect the damage degree of remanufacturing cores, coatings and interfaces. All the theoretical models, analysis methods and testing results of MMM in this book provide guidance to control the quality of remanufactured parts and products. This book can help readers make the best use of the MMM technique in remanufacturing engineering.

lgrsnf/Metal Magnetic Memory Technique and Its Applications in Remanufacturing.pdf

scihub/10.1007/978-981-16-1590-0.pdf

zlib/Engineering/Haihong Huang, Zhengchun Qian, Zhifeng Liu/Metal Magnetic Memory Technique and Its Applications in Remanufacturing_14168191.pdf

Huang, Haihong; Qian, Zhengchun; Liu, Zhifeng

Haihong Huang, Zhengchun Qian, Zhifeng Liu

Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd Fka Springer Science + Business Media Singapore Pte Ltd

Springer Nature, Singapore, 2021

Singapore, Singapore

S.l, 2021

lg3009903

Preface
Contents
Part I Introduction to the Metal Magnetic Memory (MMM) Technique
1 Nondestructive Testing for Remanufacturing
1.1 Motivations
1.2 Conventional Nondestructive Testing Techniques
1.3 MMM Technique
1.4 Organization of This Book
References
2 Theoretical Foundation of the MMM Technique
2.1 Background
2.2 Microscopic Mechanism
2.3 Macroscopic Theoretical Model
2.3.1 Magnetomechanical Model
2.3.2 Magnetic Charge Model
2.3.3 First Principle Theory
References
3 State of the Art of the MMM Technique
3.1 Historical Background
3.2 Theoretical Research
3.3 Experimental Research
3.4 Standard Establishment
3.5 Applications for Remanufacturing
3.6 Problems and Prospects
References
Part II Detection of Damage in Ferromagnetic Remanufacturing Cores by the MMM Technique
4 Stress Induces MMM Signals
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Variations in the MMM Signals Induced by Static Stress
4.2.1 Under the Elastic Stage
4.2.2 Under the Plastic Stage
4.2.3 Theoretical Analysis
4.3 Variations in the MMM Signals Induced by Cyclic Stress
4.3.1 Under Different Stress Cycle Numbers
4.3.2 Characterization of Fatigue Crack Propagation
4.4 Conclusions
References
5 Frictional Wear Induces MMM Signals
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Reciprocating Sliding Friction Damage
5.2.1 Variations in the Tribology Parameters During Friction
5.2.2 Variations in the Magnetic Memory Signals Parallel to Sliding
5.2.3 Variations in the Magnetic Memory Signals Normal to Sliding
5.2.4 Relationship Between the Tribology Characteristics and Magnetic Signals
5.3 Single Disassembly Friction Damage
5.3.1 Surface Damage and Microstructure Analysis
5.3.2 Variations in the MMM Signals
5.3.3 Damage Evaluation of Disassembly
5.3.4 Verification for Feasibility and Repeatability
5.4 Conclusions
References
6 Stress Concentration Impacts on MMM Signals
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Stress Concentration Evaluation Based on the Magnetic Dipole Model
6.2.1 Establishment of the Magnetic Dipole Model
6.2.2 Characterization of the Stress Concentration Degree
6.2.3 Contributions of Stress and Discontinuity to MMM Signals
6.3 Stress Concentration Evaluation Based on the Magnetic Dual-Dipole Model
6.3.1 Magnetic Scalar Potential
6.3.2 Magnetic Dipole and Its Scalar Potential
6.3.3 Measurement Process and Results
6.3.4 Analysis of the Magnetic Scalar Potential
6.4 Stress Concentration Inversion Method
6.4.1 Inversion Model of the Stress Concentration Based on the Magnetic Source Distribution
6.4.2 Inversion of a One-Dimensional Stress Concentration
6.4.3 Inversion of a Two-Dimensional Stress Concentration
6.5 Conclusions
References
7 Temperature Impacts on MMM Signals
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Modified J-A Model Based on Thermal and Mechanical Effects
7.2.1 Effect of Static Tensile Stress on the Magnetic Field
7.2.2 Effect of Temperature on the Magnetic Field
7.2.3 Variation in the Magnetic Field Intensity
7.3 Measurement of MMM Signals Under Different Temperatures
7.3.1 Material Preparation
7.3.2 Testing Method
7.4 Variations in MMM Signals with Temperature and Stress
7.4.1 Normal Component of the Magnetic Signal
7.4.2 Mean Value of the Normal Component of the Magnetic Signal
7.4.3 Variation Mechanism of the Magnetic Signals Under Different Temperatures
7.4.4 Analysis Based on the Proposed Theoretical Model
7.5 Conclusions
References
8 Applied Magnetic Field Strengthens MMM Signals
8.1 Introduction
8.2 MMM Signal Strengthening Effect Under Fatigue Stress
8.2.1 Variations in the MMM Signals with an Applied Magnetic Field
8.2.2 Theoretical Explanation Based on the Magnetic Dipole Model
8.3 MMM Signal Strengthening Effect Under Static Stress
8.3.1 Magnetic Signals Excited by the Geomagnetic Field
8.3.2 Magnetic Signals Excited by the Applied Magnetic Field
8.4 Conclusions
References
Part III Evaluation of the Repair Quality of Remanufacturing Samples by the MMM Technique
9 Characterization of Heat Residual Stress During Repair
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Preparation of Cladding Coating and Measurement of MMM Signals
9.2.1 Specimen Preparation
9.2.2 Measurement Method
9.2.3 Data Preprocessing
9.3 Distribution of MMM Signals Near the Heat Affected Zone
9.3.1 Magnetic Signals Parallel to the Cladding Coating
9.3.2 Magnetic Signals Perpendicular to the Cladding Coating
9.3.3 Three-Dimensional Spatial Magnetic Signals
9.3.4 Verification Based on the XRD Method
9.4 Generation Mechanism of MMM Signals in the Heat Affected Zone
9.4.1 Microstructure and Phase Transformation
9.4.2 Microhardness Distribution
9.5 Conclusions
References
10 Detection of Damage in Remanufactured Coating
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Cladding Coating and Its MMM Measurement
10.3 Result and Discussion
10.3.1 Variations in MMM Signals Under the Fatigue Process
10.3.2 Comparison of the Magnetic Properties from Different Material Layers
10.3.3 Microstructure Analysis
10.4 Conclusions
References
11 Detection and Evaluation of Coating Interface Damage
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Theoretical Framework
11.2.1 Fatigue Cohesive Zone Model
11.2.2 Magnetomechanical Model
11.2.3 Numerical Algorithm of the Coupling Model
11.2.4 Calculation of the Magnetic Field Intensity
11.3 Case Analysis for the Theoretical Model
11.3.1 Finite Element Model Setup
11.3.2 Finite Element Simulation Results
11.3.3 Prediction of Interfacial Crack Initiation
11.3.4 Prediction of the Interfacial Crack Propagation Behavior
11.4 Experimental Verification
11.4.1 MMM Measurement Method
11.4.2 MMM Signal Analysis
11.4.3 Interfacial Crack Observation
11.5 Conclusions
References
Part IV Engineering Applications in Remanufacturing
12 Detection of Damage of the Waste Drive Axle Housing and Hydraulic Cylinder
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Application of MMM in the Evaluation of Fatigue Damage of the Drive Axle Housing
12.2.1 Relation Between MMM Signals and Fatigue Cycles
12.2.2 Relation Between MMM Signals and Deformation Degree
12.3 Application of MMM in the Evaluation of Fatigue Damage of Retired Hydraulic Cylinders
12.3.1 Threshold Determination Method for Remanufacturability Evaluation
12.3.2 Experimental Verification
12.4 Conclusions
References
13 Evaluation of the Repair Quality of Remanufactured Crankshafts
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Repair Process in Remanufacturing
13.3 Evaluation of the Repair Quality of the Remanufactured Coating
13.3.1 Optimization of the Processing Parameters
13.3.2 Effect of the Processing Parameters on the Microstructure
13.3.3 Effect of the Processing Parameters on the Microhardness
13.3.4 Effect of the Processing Parameters on the Wear Resistance
13.4 Repair Quality Evaluation Based on MMM Measurement
13.5 Conclusions
References
14 Development of a High-Precision 3D MMM Signal Testing Instrument
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Framework of the Detection System
14.3 Detailed Processes of Instrument Development
14.3.1 Hardware Design
14.3.2 Software Design
14.4 Calibration of Self-developed Instrument
14.4.1 Static Performance of the Instrument
14.4.2 Ability to React to the Geomagnetic Field
14.5 Testing of the Self-developed Instrument
14.5.1 Testing Method and Process
14.5.2 Display and Analysis of MMM Signals
14.6 Comparison of the MMM Testing Instruments
14.7 Conclusions
References

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Erscheinungsdatum: 11.05.2021

2021-05-17