This book is a radical reappraisal of positivism as a major movement in philosophy, science and culture. In examining positivist movement and its contemporary impact, I had the following goals. First, to provide a more precise and systematic definition of the notion of positivism. Second, to describe positivism as a trend of thought concerned not only with the theory of knowledge and philosophy of science, but also with problems of ethics, social, and political philosophy, and show that its representatives usually thought that the problems of the latter cannot be solved without solving the former first. Third, to examine the development of positivism as a movement which preserves a certain tradition and hence possesses some coherence, although the forms of this movement changed in different historical circumstances: it was born in the eighteenth century during the Enlightenment, took the form of social positivism in the nineteenth century, was transformed at the turn of the twentieth century with the emergence of empirio-criticism, and became logical positivism (or logical empiricism) in the twentieth century. Fourth, to reveal the external and internal factors of this evolution. Fifth, to disclose the relation of positivism to other trends of philosophy. Sixth, to determine the influence the positive mind had not only upon philosophy, but upon other cultural phenomena, such as the natural and social sciences, law, politics, arts, religion, and everyday life.

lgli/The_Positive_Mind.pdf

lgrsnf/The_Positive_Mind.pdf

zlib/no-category/Pali/Microsoft Word - 001.doc_29407217.pdf

Microsoft Word - 001.doc

Evaldas Nekrasas

Pali

Budapest, New York, Hungary, 2015

Hungary, Hungary

Mobilism

{"isbns":["9633860814","9789633860816"],"last_page":384,"publisher":"Central European University Press"}

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Cover
Title page
Copyright page
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction: The Notion of Positivism
Part One: Development
CHAPTER 1. Early Positivism
The Divorce between Philosophy and Science
Hume’s Positivism
Hume and Newton
Impressions, Ideas, and Metaphysics
Two Kinds of Knowledge
Critical Analysis of Causality
Certainty and Probability
“Is” and “Ought”
Moral Principles and Social Progress
The Idea of Progress in the French Enlightenment
CHAPTER 2. Classical or Social Positivism
France after the Revolution
Auguste Comte
Plan of Positive Labors
The Theological, Metaphysical, and Positive Mind
The Hierarchy of Sciences
Social Order and Social Progress
Positive Polity and Positive Morality
John Stuart Mill
Mill and Comte: Allies and Opponents
Logic and Methodology of Science
Social and Natural Sciences
Utility and Liberty
The Positivist Movement in the Nineteenth Century
CHAPTER 3. From Classical to Modern Positivism
Reappraisal of Positivism at the End of the Nineteenth Century
Mach’s Empiriocriticism
Poincaré’s Conventionalism
Duhem’s Hypothetism
CHAPTER 4. Modern or Logical Positivism
Revolution in Science and Philosophy
The Vienna Circle and the Unity of Science Movement
Moritz Schlick
Philosophy as the Pursuit of Meaning
Positivism and Realism
Foundation of Knowledge
Philosophy of Life and Ethics
Rudolf Carnap
Philosophy as Logical Analysis
Formal and Empirical Sciences
The Criterion of Empirical Significance
The Structure of Scientific Knowledge
The Probabilistic Appraisal of Hypotheses
Scientific Humanism and Socialism
Part Two: Impact
CHAPTER 5. Positivism, Its Critics and Rivals
Positivism and Two of Its Adversaries: Nietzsche and Heidegger
Positivism, Marxism, and Critical Theory
Positivism and Pragmatism
Positivism and Critical Rationalism
Positivism and the Analytic Tradition
Positivism, Kuhn, and Postmodernism
CHAPTER 6. The Impact of the Positive Mind OutsidePhilosophy
Positivism’s Impact on the Natural and Social Sciences
Positivism, Mathematics, and Physics
Positivism’s Effect on Psychology
A Positive Economics
Positivism’s Influence on Sociology
Positivism’s Impact on Political Science
Positivism—The Postpositivism Debate: Constructivism
The Positive Mind and Law
Positivism and Politics
Positivism’s Impact upon Literature, the Visual Arts, and Architecture
The Positive Mind in Everyday Life: Positivism and Religion
References
Index
Пустая страница
Пустая страница

This book is a radical reappraisal of positivism as a major movement in philosophy, science and culture. It examines positivist movement and its contemporary impact.

2023-11-04