It seems to be a truism that today’s news media present the news in a more personal and direct way than print newspapers some twenty-five years ago. However, it is far from obvious, how this can be described linguistically. This study develops a model that integrates and differentiates between the various facets of personalisation from a linguistic point of view. It includes 1) contexts that involve the audience by inviting direct interaction and through the use of visual elements; 2) the focus on private individuals who are personally affected by news events; and 3) the use of communicative immediacy, for instance in the form of direct speech and first and second person pronouns. This model is applied to data from five British online news sites, demonstrating how individual features contribute to personalisation, how different features interact, and what personalisation strategies are used by news sites of different market orientations.

nexusstc/Personalisation in Mass Media Communication: British online news between public and private/ec9c4de3ead30216cd12fab187847fa3.pdf

lgli/Landert - Personalisation in Mass Media Communication.pdf

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Landert, Daniela

Pragmatics & beyond new series -- v. 240, Pragmatics & beyond -- 240., Amsterdam, Philadelphia, Netherlands, 2014

Pragmatics and beyond, N.S., Vol. 240, Amsterdam, 2014

Pragmatics & beyond, N.S., 240, Amsterdam [u.a, 2014

John Benjamins Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 2014

Netherlands, Netherlands

0

lg1380092

producers:
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Includes bibliographical references (pages 257-270) and index.

P&BNS 240
Personalisation in Mass Media Communication 2
Editorial page 3
Title page 4
LCC data 5
Table of contents 6
List of tables 10
List of figures 12
Acknowledgements 14
1. Introduction 16
2. Personalisation in mass media 24
2.1 Mass media communication between impersonality and personalisation 26
2.2 Personalisation and linguistic immediacy 33
2.3 Public, private, involving, and immediate 38
2.4 Modelling personalisation 46
3. Data collection 52
3.1 Working with online data 52
3.2 Characteristics of the online news sites 55
3.3 Overview of collected data sets 57
3.3.1 The online data 57
3.3.2 The Times from 1985 63
3.4 Technical aspects 64
3.4.1 Zotero snapshots 65
3.4.2 Screenshots 66
3.4.3 Inconsistencies between formats 66
3.4.4 XML format 67
3.5 A comment on statistics 70
4. Feedback and interaction 74
4.1 Audience interaction in mass media communication 76
4.1.1 Modelling audience interaction 76
4.1.2 Interaction on online news sites - a brief history 80
4.2 Forms of feedback and interaction 82
4.2.1 Indirect feedback 82
4.2.2 User comments 84
4.2.3 Opinion polls 90
4.2.4 Contact details and profiles 92
4.2.5 Audience content 94
4.3 Strategies for integrating user-generated content 98
4.3.1 Separation: The Times Online and the Guardian 100
4.3.2 Integration: BBC News 102
4.3.3 Blurring: The Mail Online and the Sun 104
4.4 Summary and conclusion 106
5. Visual elements 108
5.1 Overview of visual elements in news articles 109
5.2 Images and personalisation 112
5.2.1 Functional relations between visual and textual elements 114
5.2.2 The content of visual elements 120
5.2.3 Interactive functions of images: How the content is depicted 123
5.3 Case study: Visual elements in reports on the Edlington hearing 129
5.4 Summary and conclusion 139
6. News actors 140
6.1 Official, private, and celebrity actors 141
6.2 Main topics and actors in top-listed news articles 146
6.2.1 Topic categories in news articles 147
6.2.2 Actor constellations in different topic categories 149
6.2.3 Topic categories across news sites 151
6.3 Representing the actors 154
6.4 Case study revisited: Personalising content in reports on the Edlington hearing 159
6.5 Summary and conclusion 173
7. Direct speech 176
7.1 Forms of speech representation 178
7.1.1 Leech and Short’s classification 179
7.1.2 Faithfulness claims 181
7.1.3 Modifications to Leech and Short’s classification 185
7.2 Functions of direct speech 189
7.3 Frequency of direct speech 195
7.3.1 Quantifying direct speech 195
7.3.2 Direct speech across subcorpora 198
7.4 Source types 201
7.4.1 Categorisation of source types 202
7.4.2 Named, identified and anonymous sources 207
7.4.3 Private and official sources 209
7.5 Summary and conclusion 212
8. Personal pronouns 214
8.1 Reference of first and second person pronouns 215
8.2 First and second person pronouns as features of immediacy and involvement 222
8.3 Frequency of first and second person pronouns 225
8.3.1 Identification of first and second person pronouns 225
8.3.2 First and second person pronouns across subcorpora 228
8.4 First and second person pronouns within direct speech in news articles 230
8.5 First and second person pronouns outside of direct speech in news articles 248
8.6 First person singular pronouns across different types of articles 252
8.7 Summary and conclusion 257
9. Conclusion 260
References 272
Appendix A: List of articles 286
Appendix B: Statistical tests 296
Author index 306
Subject index 308

It seems to be a truism that news media present the news in a more personal and direct way than print newspapers many years ago. However, it is far from obvious, how this can be described linguistically. This study develops a model that integrates and differentiates between the various facets of personalisation from a linguistic point of view.

2015-07-23