Front Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 2
Copyright......Page 3
Contents......Page 4
Preface......Page 20
About the Authors......Page 24
Peopling New Worlds......Page 26
CHRONOLOGY 13,000 B.C.–A.D. 1500......Page 28
Archaic Societies......Page 29
Mesoamerica and South America......Page 30
BEYOND AMERICA—GLOBAL INTERACTIONS The Origins and Spread of Agriculture......Page 33
The Southwest......Page 35
The Eastern Woodlands......Page 37
Nonfarming Societies......Page 39
Kinship and Gender......Page 41
Spiritual and Social Values......Page 42
Conclusion......Page 44
West Africa: Tradition and Change......Page 46
CHRONOLOGY, 1400–1625......Page 48
European Culture and Society......Page 50
Religious Upheavals......Page 53
The Reformation in England, 1533–1625......Page 55
Europe and the Atlantic World, 1400–1600......Page 56
The "New Slavery" and Racism......Page 57
To America and Beyond, 1492–1522......Page 59
Spain's Conquistadors, 1492–1536......Page 60
TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE Sugar Production in the Americas......Page 61
The Columbian Exchange......Page 63
Spain's Northern Frontier......Page 65
France: Colonizing Canada......Page 69
England and the Atlantic World, 1558-1603......Page 70
Failure and Success in Virginia, 1603–1625......Page 72
New England Begins, 1614–1625......Page 74
Conclusion......Page 76
State and Church in Virginia......Page 78
State and Church in Maryland......Page 79
CHRONOLOGY, 1625–1700......Page 80
Death, Gender, and Kinship......Page 81
Tobacco Shapes a Region, 1630–1675......Page 82
Bacon's Rebellion, 1676......Page 83
From Servitude to Slavery......Page 85
Building a City upon a Hill, 1625–1642......Page 87
New England Ways......Page 88
Towns, Families, and Farm Life......Page 91
Economic and Religious Tensions......Page 93
Expansion and Native Americans......Page 94
Salem Witchcraft, 1691–1693......Page 97
Sugar and Slaves: The West Indies......Page 100
Rice and Slaves: Carolina......Page 101
Precursors: New Netherland and New Sweden......Page 103
English Conquests: New York and New Jersey......Page 105
Quaker Pennsylvania......Page 106
France Claims a Continent......Page 108
New Mexico: The Pueblo Revolt......Page 110
Florida and Texas......Page 111
Conclusion......Page 112
Royal Centralization, 1660–1688......Page 113
CHRONOLOGY, 1660–1750......Page 114
The Glorious Revolution, 1688–1689......Page 115
A Generation of War, 1689–1713......Page 117
Mercantilist Empires in America......Page 118
Population Growth and Diversity......Page 121
Rural White Men and Women......Page 126
Colonial Farmers and the Environment......Page 127
The Urban Paradox......Page 128
Slavery......Page 129
The Rise of Colonial Elites......Page 131
France and the American Heartland......Page 132
Native Americans and British Expansion......Page 134
British Expansion in the South: Georgia......Page 135
Spain's Borderlands......Page 136
The Return of War, 1739–1748......Page 137
Colonial Politics......Page 139
The Enlightenment......Page 141
The Great Awakening......Page 143
Conclusion......Page 146
A Fragile Peace, 1750–1754......Page 148
CHRONOLOGY, 1750–1776......Page 150
The Seven Years' War in America, 1754–1760......Page 151
The End of French North America, 1760–1763......Page 152
Anglo-American Friction......Page 154
TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE Public Sanitation in Philadelphia......Page 155
Frontier Tensions......Page 157
The Sugar Act, 1764......Page 158
The Stamp Act Crisis, 1765–1766......Page 160
Ideology, Religion, and Resistance......Page 164
Opposing the Quartering Act, 1766–1767......Page 166
Crisis over the Townshend Duties, 1767–1770......Page 167
Women and Colonial Resistance......Page 169
Customs "Racketeering," 1767–1770......Page 170
"Wilkes and Liberty," 1768–1770......Page 171
The Boston Massacre, 1770......Page 172
The Committees of Correspondence, 1772–1773......Page 173
Conflicts in the Backcountry......Page 174
The Tea Act, 1773......Page 176
Toward Independence, 1774–1776......Page 177
The "Intolerable Acts"......Page 178
From Resistance to Rebellion......Page 180
Common Sense......Page 181
Declaring Independence......Page 182
Conclusion......Page 185
Loyalists and Other British Sympathizers......Page 186
CHRONOLOGY, 1776–1788......Page 188
The Opposing Sides......Page 190
Shifting Fortunes in the North, 1776–1778......Page 192
BEYOND AMERICA—GLOBAL INTERACTIONS The American Revolution as an International War......Page 195
The War in the West, 1776–1782......Page 197
Victory in the South, 1778–1781......Page 198
Peace at Last, 1782–1783......Page 200
Egalitarianism Among White Men......Page 201
White Women in Wartime......Page 203
A Revolution for Black Americans......Page 204
Forging New Governments, 1776–1787......Page 206
From Colonies to States......Page 207
Finance, Trade, and the Economy, 1781–1786......Page 210
The Confederation and the West, 1785–1787......Page 212
Shays's Rebellion, 1786–1787......Page 216
The Philadelphia Convention, 1787......Page 217
The Struggle over Ratification, 1787–1788......Page 221
Conclusion......Page 223
Implementing Government......Page 225
CHRONOLOGY, 1788–1800......Page 226
The Federal Judiciary and the Bill of Rights......Page 227
Establishing the Nation's Credit......Page 228
Creating a National Bank......Page 231
Emerging Partisanship......Page 232
The Whiskey Rebellion......Page 233
The United States in a Wider World, 1789–1796......Page 234
Spanish Power in Western North America......Page 235
France and Factional Politics, 1793......Page 236
Diplomacy and War, 1793–1796......Page 238
Ideological Confrontation, 1793–1794......Page 240
The Republican Party, 1794–1796......Page 241
The Election of 1796......Page 242
The French Crisis, 1798–1799......Page 243
The Alien and Sedition Acts, 1798......Page 244
The Election of 1800......Page 246
Producing for Markets......Page 247
White Women in the Republic......Page 249
Land and Culture: Native Americans......Page 252
African-American Struggles......Page 254
Conclusion......Page 257
Jefferson and Jeffersonianism......Page 258
Jefferson's "Revolution"......Page 259
CHRONOLOGY, 1801–1824......Page 260
Jefferson and the Judiciary......Page 262
The Louisiana Purchase, 1803......Page 263
The Lewis and Clark Expedition......Page 265
Challenges on the Home Front......Page 267
The Suppression of American Trade and Impressment......Page 268
The Embargo Act of 1807......Page 269
James Madison and the Failure of Peaceable Coercion......Page 270
Tecumseh and the Prophet......Page 272
Congress Votes for War......Page 273
The War of 1812......Page 274
The British Offensive......Page 275
The Hartford Convention......Page 277
Madison's Nationalism and the Era of Good Feelings, 1817–1824......Page 278
John Marshall and the Supreme Court......Page 279
The Missouri Compromise, 1820–1821......Page 281
Foreign Policy Under Monroe......Page 282
The Monroe Doctrine, 1823......Page 283
Conclusion......Page 284
The Sweep West......Page 286
Western Society and Customs......Page 287
The Far West......Page 288
The Removal of the Indians......Page 290
The Agricultural Boom......Page 292
The Growth of the Market Economy......Page 293
Federal Land Policy......Page 294
The Panic of 1819......Page 295
The Transportation Revolution: Steamboats, Canals, and Railroads......Page 296
The Growth of Cities......Page 298
Industrial Beginnings......Page 299
Causes of Industrialization......Page 300
Textile Towns in New England......Page 301
Artisans and Workers in Mid-Atlantic Cities......Page 303
Urban Inequality: The Rich and the Poor......Page 304
Free Blacks in the North......Page 305
The "Middling Classes"......Page 307
The Attack on the Professions......Page 309
The Challenge to Family Authority......Page 310
Wives and Husbands......Page 311
Horizontal Allegiances and the Rise of Voluntary Associations......Page 313
Conclusion......Page 314
The Rise of Democratic Politics, 1824–1832......Page 315
CHRONOLOGY, 1824–1840......Page 316
The Election of 1824......Page 317
The Rise of Andrew Jackson......Page 318
The Election of 1828......Page 319
Jackson in Office......Page 320
Nullification......Page 321
The Bank Veto and the Election of 1832......Page 324
The War on the Bank......Page 325
The Rise of Whig Opposition......Page 327
The Election of 1836......Page 328
The Panic of 1837......Page 329
The Second Party System Matures......Page 330
The Second Great Awakening......Page 331
Eastern Revivals......Page 332
Critics of Revivals: The Unitarians......Page 333
The Rise of Mormonism......Page 334
The Shakers......Page 335
The War on Liquor......Page 336
Public-School Reform......Page 338
Abolition......Page 339
Women's Rights......Page 342
Penitentiaries and Asylums......Page 344
Utopian Communities......Page 345
Conclusion......Page 347
Agricultural Advancement......Page 348
Technology and Industrial Progress......Page 349
CHRONOLOGY, 1840–1860......Page 350
The Railroad Boom......Page 352
TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE Guns and Gun Culture......Page 353
Rising Prosperity......Page 356
Dwellings......Page 357
Conveniences and Inconveniences......Page 359
Disease and Health......Page 360
Phrenology......Page 361
Newspapers......Page 362
The Theater......Page 363
Minstrel Shows......Page 364
P. T. Barnum......Page 365
Roots of the American Renaissance......Page 366
Cooper, Emerson, Thoreau, Fuller, and Whitman......Page 367
Hawthorne, Melville, and Poe......Page 370
Literature in the Marketplace......Page 371
American Landscape Painting......Page 372
Conclusion......Page 374
The Lure of Cotton......Page 376
The North and South Diverge......Page 378
CHRONOLOGY, 1830–1860......Page 379
Planters and Plantation Mistresses......Page 382
The Small Slaveholders......Page 384
The Yeomen......Page 385
The People of the Pine Barrens......Page 386
Conflict and Consensus in the White South......Page 387
Conflict over Slavery......Page 388
The Proslavery Argument......Page 389
The Code of Honor and Dueling......Page 390
BEYOND AMERICA—GLOBAL INTERACTIONS Slavery as a Global Institution......Page 391
The Southern Evangelicals and White Values......Page 393
The Maturing of the Plantation System......Page 394
Work and Discipline of Plantation Slaves......Page 395
The Slave Family......Page 397
The Longevity, Diet, and Health of Slaves......Page 398
Life on the Margins: Free Blacks in the Old South......Page 399
Slave Resistance......Page 401
African-American Religion......Page 403
Black Music and Dance......Page 406
Conclusion......Page 407
Expectations and Realities......Page 408
CHRONOLOGY, 1840–1848......Page 410
The Germans......Page 411
The Irish......Page 412
Anti-Catholicism, Nativism, and Labor Protest......Page 413
Immigrant Politics......Page 414
The West and Beyond......Page 415
The Far West......Page 416
Far Western Trade......Page 417
The American Settlement of Texas to 1835......Page 418
The Texas Revolution, 1836......Page 419
The Overland Trails......Page 420
The Politics of Expansion, 1840–1846......Page 421
The Whig Ascendancy......Page 422
The Election of 1844......Page 423
Manifest Destiny, 1845......Page 424
Polk and Oregon......Page 426
The Origins of the Mexican-American War......Page 427
The Mexican-American War......Page 429
The War's Effects on Sectional Conflict......Page 432
The Election of 1848......Page 433
The California Gold Rush......Page 435
Conclusion......Page 436
The Compromise of 1850......Page 437
Zachary Taylor at the Helm......Page 438
Henry Clay Proposes a Compromise......Page 439
Assessing the Compromise......Page 441
Enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Act......Page 442
Uncle Tom's Cabin......Page 443
The Collapse of the Second Party System, 1853–1856......Page 445
The Kansas-Nebraska Act......Page 446
The Ebbing of Manifest Destiny......Page 447
The Whigs Disintegrate, 1854–1855......Page 448
The Rise and Fall of the Know-Nothings, 1853–1856......Page 449
The Republican Party and the Crisis in Kansas, 1855–1856......Page 450
The Election of 1856......Page 453
The Crisis of the Union, 1857–1860......Page 454
The Dred Scott Case, 1857......Page 455
The Lecompton Constitution, 1857......Page 456
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates, 1858......Page 457
The Legacy of Harpers Ferry......Page 459
The South Contemplates Secession......Page 460
The Election of 1860......Page 461
The Movement for Secession......Page 463
The Search for Compromise......Page 465
Conclusion......Page 466
Recruitment and Conscription......Page 468
CHRONOLOGY, 1861–1865......Page 470
Financing the War......Page 471
Political Leadership in Wartime......Page 472
In Battle, 1861–1862......Page 474
Armies, Weapons, and Strategies......Page 475
Stalemate in the East......Page 478
The War in the West......Page 479
The Soldiers'War......Page 481
Ironclads and Cruisers: The Naval War......Page 482
The Diplomatic War......Page 483
From Confiscation to Emancipation......Page 484
Black Soldiers in the Union Army......Page 486
Slavery in Wartime......Page 488
The Turning Point of 1863......Page 489
The War's Economic Impact: The North......Page 492
The War's Economic Impact: The South......Page 493
Dealing with Dissent......Page 495
The Medical War......Page 496
The War and Women's Rights......Page 498
The Eastern Theater in 1864......Page 499
The Election of 1864......Page 500
Sherman's March Through Georgia......Page 501
Toward Appomattox......Page 502
The Impact of the War......Page 503
Conclusion......Page 504
Reconstruction Politics, 1865–1868......Page 506
Lincoln's Plan......Page 507
CHRONOLOGY, 1865–1877......Page 508
Presidential Reconstruction Under Johnson......Page 509
Congress Versus Johnson......Page 510
The Fourteenth Amendment, 1866......Page 511
Congressional Reconstruction, 1866–1867......Page 512
The Impeachment Crisis, 1867–1868......Page 513
The Fifteenth Amendment and the Question of Woman Suffrage, 1869–1870......Page 515
Reconstruction Governments......Page 517
A New Electorate......Page 518
Republican Rule......Page 520
Counterattacks......Page 521
Confronting Freedom......Page 522
African-American Institutions......Page 523
Land, Labor, and Sharecropping......Page 525
Toward a Crop-Lien Economy......Page 527
Grantism......Page 528
The Liberals' Revolt......Page 529
The Panic of 1873......Page 530
TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE The Sewing Machine......Page 531
Republicans in Retreat......Page 534
"Redeeming" the South......Page 535
The Election of 1876......Page 537
Conclusion......Page 539
Native Americans and the Trans-Mississippi West......Page 541
CHRONOLOGY, 1860–1900......Page 542
The Plains Indians......Page 543
The Assault on Nomadic Indian Life......Page 544
Custer's Last Stand, 1876......Page 547
"Saving" the Indians......Page 549
The Ghost Dance and the End of Indian Resistance on the Great Plains, 1890......Page 550
The First Transcontinental Railroad......Page 551
Settlers and the Railroad......Page 552
Homesteading on the Great Plains......Page 553
New Farms, New Markets......Page 554
Building a Society and Achieving Statehood......Page 555
The Spread of Mormonism......Page 556
Southwestern Borderlands......Page 557
The Mining Frontier......Page 559
Cowboys and the Cattle Frontier......Page 561
Bonanza Farms......Page 563
The Oklahoma Land Rush, 1889......Page 564
BEYOND AMERICA—GLOBAL INTERACTIONS Cattle-Raising in the Americas......Page 565
The American Adam and the Dime-Novel Hero......Page 567
Revitalizing the Frontier Legend......Page 568
Beginning a National Parks Movement......Page 569
Conclusion......Page 570
The Character of Industrial Change......Page 572
Railroad Innovations......Page 573
Consolidating the Railroad Industry......Page 574
Applying the Lessons of the Railroads to Steel......Page 577
The Trust: Creating New Forms of Corporate Organization......Page 579
Stimulating Economic Growth......Page 580
TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE Electricity......Page 581
The Triumph of Technology......Page 583
Specialized Production......Page 584
Economic Growth: Costs and Benefits......Page 585
Obstacles to Economic Development......Page 586
The New South Creed and Southern Industrialization......Page 587
The Southern Mill Economy......Page 588
The Southern Industrial Lag......Page 590
The Hardships of Industrial Labor......Page 591
Immigrant Labor......Page 592
Women and Work in Industrial America......Page 594
Hard Work and the Gospel of Success......Page 595
Organizing Workers......Page 597
Strikes and Labor Violence......Page 601
Social Thinkers Probe for Alternatives......Page 603
Conclusion......Page 605
The New American City......Page 606
Migrants and Immigrants......Page 607
CHRONOLOGY, 1860–1900......Page 608
Adjusting to an Urban Society......Page 611
Fashionable Avenues and Suburbs......Page 613
TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE Flush Toilets and the Invention of the Nineteenth-Century Bathroom......Page 614
Manners and Morals......Page 616
Department Stores......Page 617
The Transformation of Higher Education......Page 618
Political Bosses and Machine Politics......Page 620
Battling Poverty......Page 621
New Approaches to Social Reform......Page 622
The Moral-Purity Campaign......Page 623
The Settlement-House Movement......Page 624
Working-Class Leisure in the Immigrant City......Page 625
Streets, Saloons, and Boxing Matches......Page 626
The Rise of Professional Sports......Page 627
Vaudeville, Amusement Parks, and Dance Halls......Page 629
Ragtime......Page 630
The Genteel Tradition and Its Critics......Page 631
Modernism in Architecture and Painting......Page 633
From Victorian Lady to New Woman......Page 634
Public Education as an Arena of Class Conflict......Page 636
Conclusion......Page 638
Contested Political Visions......Page 640
CHRONOLOGY, 1877–1900......Page 642
Patterns of Party Strength......Page 643
Regulating the Money Supply......Page 644
Civil Service Reform......Page 645
Politics of Privilege, Politics of Exclusion, 1884–1892......Page 646
A Democrat in the White House: Grover Cleveland, 1885–1889......Page 647
Big Business Strikes Back; Benjamin Harrison, 1889–1893......Page 648
Agrarian Protest and the Rise of the People's Party......Page 649
African-Americans After Reconstruction......Page 652
1892: Populists Challenge the Status Quo......Page 656
Capitalism in Crisis: The Depression of 1893–1897......Page 657
Business Leaders Respond......Page 658
1894: Protest Grows Louder......Page 659
Silver Advocates Capture the Democratic Party......Page 660
1896: Republicans Triumphant......Page 661
Roots of Expansionist Sentiment......Page 663
Pacific Expansion......Page 665
Crisis over Cuba......Page 666
The Spanish-American War, 1898......Page 667
Critics of Empire......Page 668
Guerrilla War in the Philippines, 1898–1902......Page 669
Conclusion......Page 671
The Many Faces of Progressivism......Page 673
CHRONOLOGY, 1900–1917......Page 674
Intellectuals Offer New Social Views......Page 676
BEYOND AMERICA—GLOBAL INTERACTIONS Progressive Reformers Worldwide Share Ideas and Strategies......Page 677
Novelists, Journalists, and Artists Spotlight Social Problems......Page 680
Reforming the Political Process......Page 681
Regulating Business, Protecting Workers......Page 682
Making Cities More Livable......Page 684
Moral Control in the Cities......Page 686
Battling Alcohol and Drugs......Page 687
Immigration Restriction and Eugenics......Page 688
Racism and Progressivism......Page 690
Revival of the Woman-Suffrage Movement......Page 692
Enlarging "Woman's Sphere"......Page 694
Workers Organize; Socialism Advances......Page 696
Roosevelt's Path to the White House......Page 697
Labor Disputes, Trustbusting, Railroad Regulation......Page 698
Environmentalism Progressive-Style......Page 699
Taft in the White House, 1909–1913......Page 701
The Four-Way Election of 1912......Page 702
Tariff and Banking Reform......Page 704
Regulating Business; Aiding Workers and Farmers......Page 705
1916:Wilson Edges Out Hughes......Page 706
Conclusion......Page 707
The "Open Door": Competing for the China Market......Page 708
CHRONOLOGY, 1902–1920......Page 710
The Panama Canal: Hardball Diplomacy......Page 711
Roosevelt and Taft Assert U.S. Power in Latin America and Asia......Page 712
Wilson and Latin America......Page 714
The Perils of Neutrality......Page 716
The United States Enters the War......Page 719
Raising, Training, and Testing an Army......Page 720
Organizing the Economy for War......Page 721
With the American Expeditionary Force in France......Page 723
Turning the Tide......Page 724
Advertising the War......Page 726
Wartime Intolerance and Dissent......Page 728
Suppressing Dissent by Law......Page 730
Blacks Migrate Northward......Page 731
Women in Wartime......Page 732
The War and Progressivism......Page 733
Wilson's Fourteen Points; The Armistice......Page 735
The Versailles Peace Conference, 1919......Page 736
The Fight over the League of Nations......Page 737
Racism and Red Scare, 1919–1920......Page 739
The Election of 1920......Page 740
Conclusion......Page 741
Booming Business, Ailing Agriculture......Page 743
CHRONOLOGY, 1920–1929......Page 744
New Modes of Producing,Managing, and Selling......Page 745
Women in the New Economic Era......Page 747
Struggling Labor Unions in a Business Age......Page 748
Standpat Politics in a Decade of Change......Page 749
Republican Policy Making in a Probusiness Era......Page 750
Independent Internationalism......Page 751
Women and Politics in the 1920s: A Dream Deferred......Page 752
Cities, Cars, Consumer Goods......Page 753
Soaring Energy Consumption and a Threatened Environment......Page 755
Mass-Produced Entertainment......Page 756
Celebrity Culture......Page 758
The Jazz Age and the Postwar Crisis of Values......Page 759
Alienated Writers......Page 760
Architects, Painters, and Musicians Confront Modern America......Page 761
The Harlem Renaissance......Page 762
Needed Workers/Unwelcome Aliens: Hispanic Newcomers......Page 764
Nativism, Antiradicalism, and the Sacco- Vanzetti Case......Page 765
Fundamentalism and the Scopes Trial......Page 766
The Ku Klux Klan......Page 767
The Garvey Movement......Page 768
Prohibition: Cultures in Conflict......Page 769
The Election of 1928......Page 770
Herbert Hoover's Social Thought......Page 772
Conclusion......Page 773
Black Thursday and the Onset of the Depression......Page 774
Hoover's Response......Page 775
CHRONOLOGY, 1929–1939......Page 776
Mounting Discontent and Protest......Page 777
The Election of 1932......Page 779
Roosevelt and His Circle......Page 780
The Hundred Days......Page 781
Problems and Controversies Plague the Early New Deal......Page 784
1934–1935: Challenges from Right and Left......Page 785
Expanding Federal Relief......Page 787
Aiding Migrants, Supporting Unions, Regulating Business, Taxing the Wealthy......Page 788
The Social Security Act of 1935; End of the Second New Deal......Page 789
The 1936 Roosevelt Landslide and the New Democratic Coalition......Page 790
The Environment and the West......Page 791
The New Deal's End Stage, 1937–1939......Page 793
The Roosevelt Recession......Page 794
Final Measures; Growing Opposition......Page 795
Social Change and Social Action in the 1930s......Page 796
The Depression's Psychological and Social Impact......Page 797
Industrial Workers Unionize......Page 798
Black and Hispanic Americans Resist Racism and Exploitation......Page 801
A New Deal for Native Americans......Page 803
Avenues of Escape: Radio and the Movies......Page 804
The Later 1930s: Opposing Fascism; Reaffirming Traditional Values......Page 805
Streamlining and a World's Fair: Corporate America's Utopian Vision......Page 807
Conclusion......Page 808
Nationalism and the Good Neighbor......Page 810
The American Mood: No More War......Page 811
CHRONOLOGY, 1933–1945......Page 812
America and the Jewish Refugees......Page 813
From Isolation to Intervention......Page 815
BEYOND AMERICA—GLOBAL INTERACTIONS Refugees from Fascism: The Intellectual Migration to the United States......Page 816
Pearl Harbor and the Coming of War......Page 819
Organizing for Victory......Page 822
The War Economy......Page 823
"A Wizard War"......Page 826
Propaganda and Politics......Page 827
Liberating Europe......Page 828
War in the Pacific......Page 831
War and American Society......Page 833
The Home Front......Page 834
Racism and New Opportunities......Page 837
War and Diversity......Page 839
The Internment of Japanese- Americans......Page 841
The Yalta Conference......Page 842
Victory in Europe......Page 843
The Holocaust......Page 844
The Atomic Bombs......Page 845
Conclusion......Page 847
Demobilization and Reconversion......Page 849
CHRONOLOGY, 1945–1952......Page 850
The GI Bill of Rights......Page 851
Truman's Domestic Program......Page 853
Polarization and Cold War......Page 855
The Iron Curtain Descends......Page 856
Containing Communism......Page 857
Confrontation in Germany......Page 859
The Cold War in Asia......Page 860
The Korean War, 1950–1953......Page 862
The Eightieth Congress, 1947–1948......Page 866
The Politics of Civil Rights and the Election of 1948......Page 867
The Fair Deal......Page 869
Loyalty and Security......Page 870
The Anticommunist Crusade......Page 871
Alger Hiss and the Rosenbergs......Page 872
McCarthyism......Page 873
The Election of 1952......Page 874
Conclusion......Page 875
"Dynamic Conservatism"......Page 877
CHRONOLOGY, 1952–1960......Page 878
The Downfall of Joseph McCarthy......Page 879
TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE The Interstate Highway System......Page 880
Jim Crow in Court......Page 882
The Laws of the Land......Page 883
Ike and Dulles......Page 885
CIA Covert Actions......Page 886
The Vietnam Domino......Page 887
Troubles in the Third World......Page 888
The Affluent Society......Page 889
The New Industrial Society......Page 890
The Costs of Bigness......Page 891
Blue-Collar Blues......Page 892
Prosperity and the Suburbs......Page 893
Consensus and Conservatism......Page 895
Domesticity......Page 896
Religion and Education......Page 897
The Culture of the Fifties......Page 898
The Television Culture......Page 899
Poverty and Urban Blight......Page 902
Blacks' Struggle for Justice......Page 903
Latinos and Latinas......Page 904
Native Americans......Page 906
A Different Beat......Page 907
Portents of Change......Page 908
Conclusion......Page 909
A New Beginning......Page 911
CHRONOLOGY, 1960–1968......Page 912
Cold War Activism......Page 914
To the Brink of Nuclear War......Page 915
The Thousand-Day Presidency......Page 916
Nonviolence and Violence......Page 917
The African-American Revolution......Page 918
The March on Washington, 1963......Page 919
The Civil Rights and Voting Rights Acts......Page 920
Fire in the Streets......Page 922
"Black Power"......Page 923
Liberalism Ascendant, 1963–1968......Page 925
The 1964 Election......Page 926
Triumphant Liberalism......Page 928
Native American Activism......Page 929
Hispanic-Americans Organize......Page 930
Asian-American Activism......Page 931
A Second Feminist Wave......Page 932
Women's Liberation......Page 933
Kennedy and Vietnam......Page 934
TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE The Pill......Page 935
Escalation of the War......Page 937
Doves Versus Hawks......Page 939
Conclusion......Page 941
The Youth Movement......Page 942
From Protest to Resistance......Page 943
CHRONOLOGY, 1968–1974......Page 944
Kent State and Jackson State......Page 945
Legacy of Student Frenzy......Page 947
Musical Revolution......Page 948
The Sexual Revolution......Page 949
Gay Liberation......Page 950
A Shaken President......Page 951
Assassinations and Turmoil......Page 952
Conservative Resurgence......Page 954
Vietnamization......Page 955
America's Longest War Ends......Page 957
Détente......Page 958
Shuttle Diplomacy......Page 959
A Troubled Economy......Page 960
Law and Order......Page 961
The Southern Strategy......Page 962
The Election of 1972......Page 963
The Watergate Upheaval......Page 964
Conclusion......Page 966
Personal Pursuits and Diversions......Page 968
CHRONOLOGY, 1974–1989......Page 970
Changing Gender Roles and Sexual Behavior......Page 971
The Persistence of Social Activism......Page 972
Grass-Roots Conservatism......Page 974
Evangelical Protestants Mobilize......Page 976
A Changing Economy......Page 977
The Two Worlds of Black America......Page 978
Brightening Prospects for Native Americans......Page 979
New Patterns of Immigration......Page 980
The Caretaker Presidency of Gerald Ford, 1974–1977......Page 981
The Outsider as Insider: President Jimmy Carter, 1977–1981......Page 982
Troubles and Frustration as Carter's Term Ends......Page 984
Roots of the Reagan Revolution......Page 985
Reaganomics......Page 987
The "Evil Empire" and Crises in the Middle East......Page 989
Military Buildup and Antinuclear Protest......Page 991
Reagan Reelected......Page 992
Supreme Court Appointments, Budget Deficits, the Iran-Contra Scandal......Page 993
The Middle East: Tensions and Terrorism......Page 995
Assessing the Reagan Years......Page 996
Conclusion......Page 997
The Election of 1988......Page 999
CHRONOLOGY, 1988–2000......Page 1000
The Cold War Ends......Page 1001
The Persian Gulf War, 1991......Page 1002
Home-Front Problems and Domestic Policies......Page 1005
1992: Clinton Versus Bush, and a Third- Party Challenge......Page 1007
Shaping a Domestic Agenda......Page 1008
A Sharp Right Turn: 1994–1996......Page 1010
The Economic Boom of the 1990s......Page 1012
An Uneven Prosperity......Page 1013
America and the Global Economy......Page 1014
The Balkans, Russia, and Eastern Europe in the Post-Soviet Era......Page 1015
The Middle East: Seeking an Elusive Peace, Combating a Wily Foe......Page 1016
BEYOND AMERICA—GLOBAL INTERACTIONS The Challenge of Globalization......Page 1017
Nuclear Proliferation, Terrorism, and Peacekeeping Challenges......Page 1019
A New World Order Painfully Emerges......Page 1020
The Clinton Era Ends: Domestic Politics, Impeachment, Disputed Election, 1996–2000......Page 1022
Campaign 1996 and After: Battling Big Tobacco; Balancing the Budget......Page 1023
Scandal Grips the
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